Abstract: An LED-based lighting system having an upgradeable control system and a method thereof are provided. The system includes an LED source having a plurality of LED lights, a control system which comprises a motherboard, a control panel, and a control module. The control module is replaceable with a new control module to provide upgrades of operational modes and features of the lighting system without requiring the entire lighting system be replaced.

Abstract: An LED-based aquarium lighting system having upgradeable control system and a method thereof are provided. The system includes an LED source having a plurality of LED lights, a marine habitat for housing a marine habitat life, a control system which comprises a motherboard, a control panel, and a control module. The control module is replaceable with a new control module to provide upgrades of operational modes and features of the aquarium lighting system. Accordingly, to perform an upgrade of the control system, a user replaces the control module with a new control module by removing the control module from the motherboard and plugging the new control module in the motherboard, thereby readily making upgrades of operational modes and features of the aquarium lighting system without requiring the entire aquarium lighting system be replaced.

Abstract: An LED-based aquarium lighting system having upgradeable control system and a method thereof are provided. The system includes an LED source having a plurality of LED lights, a marine habitat for housing a marine habitat life, a control system which comprises a motherboard, a control panel, and a control module. The control module is replaceable with a new control module to provide upgrades of operational modes and features of the aquarium lighting system. Accordingly, to perform an upgrade of the control system, a user replaces the control module with a new control module by removing the control module from the motherboard and plugging the new control module in the motherboard, thereby readily making upgrades of operational modes and features of the aquarium lighting system without requiring the entire aquarium lighting system be replaced.

Abstract: A resonator having piezoelectric properties is tuned to respond at a specific overtone of its parallel plate resonant frequency. A channel is etched in a blank to confine the oscillations to a predefined area thereby maximizing a predetermined overtone. The position and dimension of the channel are selected to confine the oscillation to a radius that maximizes the response at a desired frequency. The desired frequency is a predetermined overtone of the fundamental frequency. The channel limits the area of oscillation of the blank. The channel may be formed using grooves or slots. The slots are arranged to form a ring. The channel may be positioned inside or outside an electrode.

Abstract: A composite RF television signal is converted to an IF signal, passed through an AGC circuit and the amplitudes of the horizontal sync pulses are sampled only during the horizontal sync period. The high and low peak samples are stored and the difference between the levels of these peak samples, which is proportional to the HUM in the system, drives a meter calibrated to show the percent of HUM in the composite RF television signals.