Abstract: A radio system having multi-standard mixed mode radios is described. The mixed mode radios are used to support combining of digital baseband from a first and a second radio equipment controller. A primary clock associated with the first radio equipment controller and a secondary clock associated with the second radio equipment controller is provided. The quality of the primary clock is evaluated and the primary clock is referenced to the first radio equipment controller if the clock is determined to have appropriate quality factors. The quality of the secondary clock is then evaluated and the secondary clock is referenced to the second radio equipment controller if the secondary clock is determined to have appropriate quality factors. The second radio equipment controller is then referenced to the primary clock once the primary and secondary clocks are aligned.

Abstract: A radio system having multi-standard mixed mode radios is described. The mixed mode radios are used to support combining of digital baseband from a first and a second radio equipment controller. A primary clock associated with the first radio equipment controller and a secondary clock associated with the second radio equipment controller is provided. The quality of the primary clock is evaluated and the primary clock is referenced to the first radio equipment controller if the clock is determined to have appropriate quality factors. The quality of the secondary clock is then evaluated and the secondary clock is referenced to the second radio equipment controller if the secondary clock is determined to have appropriate quality factors. The second radio equipment controller is then referenced to the primary clock once the primary and secondary clocks are aligned.

Abstract: Protection switching in an Ethernet packet-switched network includes establishing first and second virtual circuits. The first virtual circuit carries packet traffic associated with a different service instance from packet traffic carried by the second virtual circuit. Packet traffic of the first virtual circuit is transmitted from a source network element to a sink network element through a first Ethernet tunnel. Packet traffic of the second virtual circuit is transmitted from the same source network element to the same sink network element through a second Ethernet tunnel. The second Ethernet tunnel is a different path through the Ethernet packet-switched network from the first Ethernet tunnel. During a protection switch, the first virtual circuit is switched from the first Ethernet tunnel to the second Ethernet tunnel. After the switch, packet traffic of the first virtual circuit and packet traffic of the second virtual circuit are transmitted over the second Ethernet tunnel.