Abstract: An electric motor comprises: a stator; a rotor having a rotor shaft; and a transmission coupled to the rotor shaft, wherein when the rotor shaft rotates in a first direction an output shaft of the transmission rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction with a first gear ratio, and wherein when the rotor shaft rotates in the second direction the output shaft of the transmission rotates in the second direction with a second gear ratio different from the first gear ratio.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine (nateglinide) in the novel crystalline form “G” and a process for the preparation thereof. A process for the preparation of chirally pure nateglinide by treating a lower alkyl ester thereof with a base to yield an alkali salt and liberating the product from said salt by proper addition of an acid, is also provided. Still another aspect of the invention is a process for the preparation of nateglinide in the crystalline form “H” from other crystalline modifications of nateglinide.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine (nateglinide) in the novel crystalline form “G” and a process for the preparation thereof. A process for the preparation of chirally pure nateglinide by treating a lower alkyl ester thereof with a base to yield an alkali salt and liberating the product from said salt by proper addition of an acid, is also provided. Still another aspect of the invention is a process for the preparation of nateglinide in the crystalline form “H” from other crystalline modifications of nateglinide.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutically applicable compounds and polymorphs belonging to the ziprasidone hydrobromide compound group with antipsychotic effect. The present invention provides hydrobromide polymorphs of 5-{-2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl]-ethyl}-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one, ziprasidone of Formula (I) having neuroleptic activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine (nateglinide) in the novel crystalline form “G” and a process for the preparation thereof. A process for the preparation of chirally pure nateglinide by treating a lower alkyl ester thereof with a base to yield an alkali salt and liberating the product from said salt by proper addition of an acid, is also provided. Still another aspect of the invention is a process for the preparation of nateglinide in the crystalline form “H” from other crystalline modifications of nateglinide.

Abstract: The invention relates to fused heterocyclic compounds with ring junction nitrogen atom of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Q stands for 2-indolizinyl, 2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, 2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidinyl, 6-(2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazol)-yl or 6-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl group; and n is an integer from 2 to 4, as well as therapeutically useful salts thereof. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds as well as a process for the preparation of the above compounds and compositions. The compounds of formula (I) exhibit mainly antipsychotic effects so the invention relates also to a method of treatment of schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, affective disorders, anxiety and personality disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbazolone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A stands for a group of formula--CH.sub.2 --R (V),wherein R means a hydroxyl or 2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl group;B represents a group of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 means hydrogen or a methyl or ethyl group; or A and B together form a group of formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 means a methyl or ethyl group; or A and B together form a group of formula ##STR4## The above compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of ondansetron of formula ##STR5## chemically 9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carba zol-4-one.The invention further relates to a novel process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I) , wherein A and B are the same as in formula (I) but B may be also hydrogen. Thus, this novel process is suitable for the preparation of ondansetron itself.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbazolone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A stands for a group of formula--CH.sub.2 --R (V),wherein R means a hydroxyl or 2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl group;B represents a group of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 means hydrogen or a methyl or ethyl group; or A and B together form a group of formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 means a methyl or ethyl group; or A and B together form a group of formula ##STR4## The above compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of ondansetron of formula ##STR5## chemically 9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl)-1H-imidzol-1-yl)methyl]1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbaz ol-4-one.The invention further relates to a novel process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I), wherein A and B are the same as in formula (I) but B may be also hydrogen. Thus, this novel process is suitable for the preparation of ondansetron itself.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R means hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl group; andY stands for cyano, trifluoromethyl, aryloxy or aryl(C.sub.1-4 alkyl)oxy group.The compounds according to the invention show a gastric acid secretion-inhibiting effect and therefore, they are useful for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. In addition, they exert a cytoprotective action against gastric laesions induced, e.g. by indomethacin or acid-containing alcohol.

Abstract: Novel antihyperlipoproteinemic compounds are disclosed of the formula I, ##STR1## wherein X is a halogen atom, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy group,Y is hydroxy if X is methoxy or ethoxy, otherwise it is a hydrogen atom or a, methoxy or ethoxy group,Z is a methoxy or ethoxy group if X or Y is a methoxy group or an ethoxy group; otherwise it is hydrogen atom,The invention also covers antiartheriosclerotic, antihyperlipoproteinemic pharmaceutical compositions, suitable for inhibiting the formation of thrombuses, comprising the compounds of formula I in an effective dose, a process for preparing the same and methods for the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia with the aid of the said compounds or compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-oxo-1-oxa-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane derivatives of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein X means oxygen or an >NR group, whereinR stands for hydrogen; a C.sub.1-12 alkyl; C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl; carbocyclic C.sub.6-10 aryl or carbocyclic C.sub.6-10 aryl-C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, the two latter two substituents optionally substituted on their aromatic moiety by one or more, same or different halogen, one or more C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or trihalomethyl group; or a tosyl group;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together represent a methylene group or, when X stands for an >NR group wherein R is as defined above, one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 m may represent a hydroxyl group and the other one is a methyl group; andR.sup.3 means hydrogen, benzyl, (C.sub.1-4 alkoxy)carbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, formyl, piperidin-1-ylcarbonyl, morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyl, 4-(2-hydroxethyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyl, 2-chloro-3-nicotinoylcarbamoyl or C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to two morphologically homogeneous forms of Famotidine [chemical name: N-sulfamoyl-3-(2-guanidino-thiazole-4-yl-methylthio)-propionamidine]. Said forms are prepared by selective crystallization or precipitation.

Abstract: The invention relates to two morphologically homogeneous forms of Famotidine [chemical name: N-sulfamoyl-3-(2-guanidino-thiazole-4-yl-methylthio)-propionamidine]. Said forms are prepared by selective crystallization or precipitation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or nitro group;R.sub.2 means a C.sub.1-7 alkyl group optionally substituted by: a hydroxyl or oxo group; or an ester group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy moiety; or a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, cyano, amino, C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, or dialkylamino group; or an acyl group containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; orR.sub.2 means an aryl-C.sub.1-7 alkyl group optionally bearing the substituents defined above for R.sub.2 in the alkyl chain and optionally substituted by halogen, nitro, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or alkoxy group in the benzene ring; orR.sub.2 represents an allyl, phenylallyl or phenylsulfonyl group, both latter groups optionally being substituted by halogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group in the benzene ring; orR.sub.2 stands for a carbamoyl group substituted by one or two C.sub.1-4 alkyl group(s) or phenyl group on the nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating a gastric ulcer by administering a 2-thia-zolone of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein X stands for --CN, --CONH.sub.2, --CO.sub.2 H or --CO.sub.2 R group, wherein R is a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group; andn is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso, that when X stands for CO.sub.2 H, CO.sub.2 R, n is other than 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2-thiazolidinone derivatives of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein A stands for hydrogen, halogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or nitro group; andn is 0 or 1.The compounds according to the invention show a cytoprotective and gastric acid secretion-inhibiting effect and thus, may be used in the therapy of gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Abstract: The invention relates to two morphologically homogeneous forms of Famotidine [chemical name: N-sulfamoyl-3-(2-guanidino-thiazole-4-yl-methylthio)-propionamidine]. Said forms are prepared by selective crystallisation or precipitation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of N-sulfamyl-3-(2-guanidinothiazol-4-yl-methylthio)-propionitrile (famotidine) of the formula (I) ##STR1## by S-alkylation of 2-guanidino-thiazol-4-yl-methanethiol obtained from S-(2-guanidino-thiazol-4-yl-methyl)-isothiourea dihydrochloride of the formula (III) ##STR2## by in situ treatment with a base, which comprises carrying out S-alkylation with a N-sulfamyl-3-halopropionamidine of the formula (II) ##STR3## wherein X stands for halogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel, sulfur-containing 5-substituted benzimidazole derivatives of formula I ##STR1## and acid-addition salts thereof antihyperlipoproteinemic action, a process for preparing the same, pharmaceutical formulations comprising the novel compound as active ingredient and a method for inhibiting atherosclerosis, trombus formation and treating hyperlipoproteinemic diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to new propionamidine derivatives of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X is halogen,and to a process for their preparation. According to the invention compounds of the formula (I) are prepared by reacting a 3-halopropionitrile of the formula (III) ##STR2## wherein X is as defined above,with sulfamide of the formula (II) ##STR3## in the presence of a hydrogen halide. Compounds of the formula (I) are useful intermediates in the preparation of famotidine.