Abstract: Disclosed herein, are compositions comprising ticagrelor metabolites and methods of using the same to treat congestive heart failure, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and liver diseases, cirrhosis of liver, cardiorenal syndrome, high altitude pulmonary hypertension, severe depression and autism.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions related to the production of erythropoietin. The disclosed compositions comprise a poly amino acid. The production of erythropoietin by the disclosed compositions and methods can take place in vivo, in which the proliferation of a subject's erythropoietin-producing cells leads to an increased level of production of erythropoietin, in vitro, in which increased proliferation of cultured erythropoietin-producing cells leads to an increased production of erythropoietin, ex vivo, in which cells or tissues harvested from a subject produce erythropoietin. The disclosed compositions can be administered to a subject or applied to cells or tissues to stimulate increased production of erythropoietin.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions that are related to the production of erythropoietin. The disclosed compositions generally comprise a poly amino acid, such as a poly amino acid comprising one or more glutamic acid residues. The production of erythropoietin by use of the disclosed compositions and methods can take place in vivo, in which the proliferation of a subject's erythropoietin-producing cells leads to an increased level of production of erythropoietin, in vitro, in which increased proliferation of cultured erythropoietin-producing cells leads to an increased production of erythropoietin, ex vivo, in which cells or tissues harvested from a subject produce erythropoietin. The disclosed compositions can be administered to a subject or applied to cells or tissues to stimulate increased production of erythropoietin.