Abstract: An optical combiner includes a two-dimensional (“2D”) array of three-dimensional (“3D”) diffraction element shapes disposed in a first side of a base sandwich layer. Partially reflective elements coat each of the 3D diffraction element shapes. The partially reflective elements collectively form a reflective diffraction grating having magnifying optical power for image light incident on the reflective diffraction grating through an eye-ward side of the optical combiner. A planarization sandwich layer is disposed over the partially reflective elements and has an index of refraction substantially equal to that of the base sandwich layer such that external scene light incident through the external scene side passes through the optical combiner substantially without diffraction while the image light incident through the eye-ward side is reflected and magnified via the reflective diffraction grating.

Abstract: An optical encoder and method for measuring displacement information using an optical encoder uses an encoder member with multiple digital diffractive optic regions to optically diffract an incident beam of light to produce output beams of light having intensity distribution patterns, which are used to generate electrical signals that provide relative displacement information of the encoder member.

Abstract: An optical encoder uses an encoder member with one or more digital diffractive optic regions to optically manipulate an incident beam of light to extract relative displacement information of the encoder member.

Abstract: An optical encoder uses an encoder member with a digital diffractive track to optically manipulate an incident beam of light into manipulated beams of light, which are detected as spots of light that represent a digital absolute position value of the encoder member.

Abstract: An optical encoder and method for measuring displacement information using an optical encoder uses an encoder member with multiple digital diffractive optic regions to optically diffract an incident beam of light to produce output beams of light having intensity distribution patterns, which are used to generate electrical signals that provide relative displacement information of the encoder member.

Abstract: An optical encoder uses an encoder member with one or more digital diffractive optic regions to optically manipulate an incident beam of light to extract relative displacement information of the encoder member.