Abstract: The invention relates to a headrest arrangement for a backrest section (10) of a motor vehicle seat with a headrest, which receives the headrest bars and is supported in the guides on the side of the backrest, wherein the guides in the backrest can be moved within limits from a normal operating position (68) to a crash-active operating position (70).

Abstract: The invention relates to a headrest arrangement for a backrest section (10) of a motor vehicle seat with a headrest, which receives the headrest bars and is supported in the guides on the side of the backrest, wherein the guides in the backrest can be moved within limits from a normal operating position (68) to a crash-active operating position (70).

Abstract: An electric device has a plurality of cells in which in an acid electrolyte a lanthanide and zinc form a redox couple that provide a current, and in which at least two of the cells are separated by a bipolar electrode that comprises a glassy carbon or a Magneli phase titanium suboxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for activation of a cathode comprising at least a cathode substrate wherein the cathode is cleaned by means of an acid, the cleaned cathode is coated with at least one electrocatalytic coating solution, drying the coated cathode until it is at least substantially dry, and thereafter contacting the cathode with a solvent redissolving precipitated electrocatalytic salts or acids formed on the cathode, originating from the electrocatalytic solution, to form dissolved electrocatalytic metal ions on the cathode surface, so that said electrocatalytic metal ions can precipitate as metals on the cathode. The invention also comprises a cathode obtainable by the method and the use of an activated cathode in an electrolytic cell for producing chlorine and alkali hydroxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a conductive electrode comprising applying a precursor for electrocatalytic or protective coatings on a conductive electrode substrate, irradiating the conductive electrode substrate and the precursor with near infrared (NIR) radiation to form an electrocatalytic or protective coating on the electrode substrate. The invention also relates to an electrode substrate or electrode obtainable by the method, and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode (1) comprising a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer (3b), a reaction layer (3a), and a hydrophilic layer (5) arranged in the mentioned order wherein the reaction layer (3a) is arranged to a barrier layer (4), which barrier layer (4), on its opposite side, is arranged to the hydrophilic layer (5). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a gas diffusion electrode (1), and to an electrolytic cell, and use thereof.

Abstract: An electric device has a plurality of cells in which in an acid electrolyte a lanthanide and zinc form a redox couple that provide a current, and in which at least two of the cells are separated by a bipolar electrode that comprises a glassy carbon or a Magneli phase titanium suboxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for activation of a cathode comprising at least a cathode substrate wherein the cathode is cleaned by means of an acid, the cleaned cathode is coated with at least one electrocatalytic coating solution, drying the coated cathode until it is at least substantially dry, and thereafter contacting the cathode with a solvent redissolving precipitated electrocatalytic salts or acids formed on the cathode, originating from the electrocatalytic solution, to form dissolved electrocatalytic metal ions on the cathode surface, so that said electrocatalytic metal ions can precipitate as metals on the cathode. The invention also comprises a cathode obtainable by the method and the use of an activated cathode in an electrolytic cell for producing chlorine and alkali hydroxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a conductive electrode comprising applying a precursor for electrocatalytic or protective coatings on a conductive electrode substrate, irradiating the conductive electrode substrate and the precursor with near infrared (NIR) radiation to form an electrocatalytic or protective coating on the electrode substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode (1) comprising a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer (3b), a reaction layer (3a), and a hydrophilic layer (5) arranged in the mentioned order wherein the reaction layer (3a) is arranged to a barrier layer (4), which barrier layer (4), on its opposite side, is arranged to the hydrophilic layer (5). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a gas diffusion electrode (1), and to an electrolytic cell, and use thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is an industrial technique for electrode processing for the direct recoating of an electrode surface for use in an electrochemical process wherein the recoating operation is performed without disassembly of the electrode assembly. In the process, a coating solution is applied to the electrode surface and a temperature differential is established, or induced, and maintained between the electrode surface and other components of the assembly while the coating is cured on the electrode surface.

Abstract: A bipolar electrode useful in bipolar cell stack electrochemical cells where one of the electrode surfaces is patterned with active and relatively inactive areas where the surface area ratio of the active areas of the electrode surface to the total electrode surface is between 1:2 and 1:50. The use of a grid-like pattern of electrocatalytic material over a conductive substrate is preferred. The electrodes can be used for certain redox reactions to favor particular reaction products.

Abstract: An electrode plate of planar structure contains lamellar electrode elements, with adjacent electrode elements being separated from one another by a gap. For a better escape of the gas from the electrode/membrane area, the lamellar electrode elements are provided with an expanded-metal structure, the openings of which serve to improve the passage of gas. The electrode elements are provided with angled upper edge strips in order to facilitate the escape of gas in the vertical direction. The electrode configuration is particularly suitable as an anodically connected electrode in direct contact with an ion exchanger membrane, but can also be used as a cathode at a distance from the membrane.

Abstract: For cathodic protection against corrosion of steel reinforcements in reinforced steel constructions, a prefabricated anode is provided which has a core of titanium expanded metal provided with an activation layer and with a cement-containing ion-conductive jacket; the prefabricated anode is immovably secured to the reinforced concrete construction in an ion-conductive bond; after that, the reinforcement of the concrete construction and the core of the anode are connected to the poles of a direct voltage source.

Abstract: An electrode for mercury chlor-alkali electrolytic cells includes a plurality of activated electrode elements consisting of flat sections standing on edge and having recesses on their lateral surfaces which extend from the lower edge to the upper edge of the lateral surfaces. The recesses in the lateral surfaces promote the transport of the gas bubbles produced electrolytically away from the area of the electrode gap and achieve a boundary surface as free of gas bubbles as possible between the anode and the electrolyte in the area of the electrode gap for the purpose of improving the energy efficiency.

Abstract: An electro-chemical cell suitable for chromic acid regeneration or the electro-chemical treatment of methane sulphonic acid has several plate shaped bipolar electrodes which are spaced by means of frames to form an electrolyte space between every two adjacent electrodes. The electrolyte spaces are closed at the sides and at the bottom so they are impermeable to liquids and adjacent bipolar electrodes are electrically insulated against each other. The electrodes are tightly secured against the frame by means of hose-shaped sealing elements that can expand if internal pressure is applied, these sealing elements each being located in a fixed position in a U-shaped groove inside the frames. The cell is not sealed at the liquid surface of the electrolyte, however, it can be equipped with a cover, depending on the application. In order to remove an electrode, the sealing pressure is decreased by means of a pressure reduction in the interior of the sealing elements.

Abstract: Process for the visual inspection of an electrode (anode) having an activated layer for electrogalvanizing plants for steel bands in which the electrode to be tested is inserted between anode and cathode of a sodium sulfate electrolytic cell with the surface to be tested facing toward the cathode. After a voltage is applied the development of the gas bubbles on the activated layer is monitored by means of a video camera.

Abstract: Process for the visual inspection of an electrode (anode) having an activated layer for electrogalvanizing plants for steel bands in which the electrode to be tested is inserted between anode and cathode of a sodium sulfate electrolytic cell with the surface to be tested facing toward the cathode. After a voltage is applied the development of the gas bubbles on the activated layer is monitored by means of a video camera.