Abstract: A button wherein the deformable shank of a rivet (which carries the enlarged portion that is to pass through a buttonhole) must be caused to penetrate through a layer of textile or other carrier material and to thereupon enter a retaining device having a portion which deforms the free end portion of the rivet. The rivet is part of the male component of a universal joint which further comprises a socket secured to the rear surface of the enlarged portion.

Abstract: A snap fastener wherein the male and femal components are sealingly connected with sheet-like carriers of textile or other material. The male component has a male coupling element with a head which defines a cavity and with a collar one side of which is adjacent the inlet of the cavity. A deformable metallic or plastic liner is received in the cavity and has an extension in a depression at the one side of the collar. A first rivet secures the male coupling element to the outer side of a first carrier; to this, end, the shank of the rivet extends through the first carrier and into the liner to deform the latter into sealing engagement with the head as well as to urge the outer side of the first carrier against the extension of the liner.

Abstract: A snap fastener wherein the female component has an end wall with a rim extending from one side of the end wall and a centrally located elastically deformable female coupling element provided on a frustoconical central portion of the end wall. The central portion has a concave surface at the other side of the end wall. The male component has a mushroom-shaped male coupling element which can be forced, not unlike an arrowhead, the female coupling element from the concave side of the central portion of the end wall. The force which must be applied to extract the male coupling element from the female coupling element is several times the force which is required to insert the male coupling element because the central portion of the end wall yields more readily in a direction toward the one side of the end wall.

Abstract: A methof of manufacturing a two-wing one-piece dress-shielding element with two wings each composed of an absorbent layer adapted to lie against the body of a user and a moisture-impermeable layer adapted to lie against a dress, includes the steps of continuously supplying a web of material for forming at least one of the layers of the dress-shielding element, providing a plurality of working stations for performing a plurality of working steps for manufacturing the dress-shielding element, and displacing the web between the working stations so as to perform the working steps, whereby the web serves as transporting means for the dress-shielding elements to be manufactured from the web. A dress-shielding element includes a body part composed of a web material and having two wing portions connected with one another in a transition region, and a mass of superimposed web material provided in the transition region and deformed so as to form a common concave edge line for both wings of the dress-shielding element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a button designed to be fastened to a carrier material without the use of stitches. The button includes a button body having two parts, one part being a lower part with a top and bottom surface, the later adapted to lie upon the carrier material, the lower part having at least two apertures through the top and bottom surface and at least two recesses upon the top surface proceeding from the apertures, the other part being an upper part mountable on the lower part above the top surface of the latter. Also provided are means adapted to pass through the carrier material and the apertures, and adapted to lie within the recesses for fastening the lower part to the carrier material.