Abstract: A system and method records and identifies certain attributes of printed products for verifying their authentication and for tracking individual printed products or copies of printed products. In embodiment of the invention, a static code with redundant information and with high spatial resolution is applied on the printed product and the optoelectronic detection of the printed image on the printed product is carried out by means of a line-scan or area-scan camera or a laser scanner within a printing machine or an additional processing machine. The data are decoded after their acquisition by means of the optoelectronic detection device and the decoded data are used for characterizing an individual printed image and/or the printing process.

Abstract: The invention relates to an item, particularly such as paper, with applied matrix printing, for the storage of encoded data with high data density, whereby the printed surface of the item is divided into matrix cells, comprising matrix points with a given form and at least two different forms R, I, are printed in each matrix cell. Each form R, I, is selected from pairs of non-overlapping forms (R0, R1) or (I0, I1), having the same area adjacent to at least one matrix point of another form in the same matrix cell and occupying various matrix points in the matrix cell.

Abstract: An echo-signal monitoring device having a plurality of transceiver units for transmitting signals and receiving the echoes reflected by an external object and an analyzer unit for estimating the distance from the monitoring device to the external object on the basis of the received echoes is characterized in that the device has an operating mode for calculating the relative position of the transceiver units from one another on the basis of the reflected echoes.

Abstract: An echo-signal monitoring device having a plurality of transceiver units for transmitting signals and receiving the echoes reflected by an external object and an analyzer unit for estimating the distance from the monitoring device to the external object on the basis of the received echoes is characterized in that the device has an operating mode for calculating the relative position of the transceiver units from one another on the basis of the reflected echoes.

Abstract: The signal echo monitoring device includes a transmitting unit (5) for broadcasting a transmitted signal (s(t)) which is a group of randomly generated pulses, a receiving unit (6) for receiving an echo signal (e(t)), reflected by an object (12), of the transmitted signal and a combined control and evaluation unit (2) including a device (10) for jointly evaluating the transmitted signal (s(t)) and the echo signal (e(t)) with an integrated adaptive filter (14). The adaptive filter (14) automatically calibrates its impulse response b(t) and may be a digital filter.