Abstract: Catalysts and methods for use in conversion of glycerides and free fatty acids to biodiesel are described. A batch or continuous process may be used with the catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides with an alkyl alcohol to produce corresponding mono carboxylic acid esters and glycerol in high yields and purity. Similarly, alkyl and aryl carboxylic acids and free fatty acids are also converted to corresponding alkyl esters. Catalysts are capable of simultaneous esterification and transesterification under same process conditions. The described catalysts are thermostable, long lasting, and highly active.

Abstract: It is provided solid, heterogeneous catalysts for the deoxygenation of esters of free fatty acids and triglycerides, and for the production of hydrocarbons that can be used as biofuels. More particularly, the catalyst comprises at least one metal oxide, the catalyst having a formula AlaCubNicSidTieZnfZrgLahCeiWjSnkGalFemMOnMnoCOpOx, wherein a, b, c, d, g, h, i, j, k, l, m n, o, p and x are the molar ratios of the respective elements, wherein a, b, c, d, h, i, j, k, I, m, n, o and p are >0, e, f and g are >0 and x is such that the catalyst is electrically neutral.

Abstract: Catalysts and methods for use in conversion of glycerides and free fatty acids to biodiesel are described. A batch or continuous process may be used with the catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides with an alkyl alcohol to produce corresponding mono carboxylic acid esters and glycerol in high yields and purity. Similarly, alkyl and aryl carboxylic acids and free fatty acids are also converted to corresponding alkyl esters. Catalysts are capable of simultaneous esterification and transesterification under same process conditions. The described catalysts are thermostable, long lasting, and highly active.

Abstract: Solid mixed catalysts and methods for use in conversion of triglycerides and free fatty acids to biodiesel are described. A batch or continuous process may be used with the catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides with an alkyl alcohol to produce corresponding mono carboxylic acid esters and glycerol in high yields and purity. Similarly, alkyl and aryl carboxylic acids and free fatty acids are also converted to corresponding alkyl esters. The described catalysts are thermostable, long lasting, and highly active.

Abstract: Solid mixed catalysts and methods for use in conversion of triglycerides and free fatty acids to biodiesel are described. A batch or continuous process may be used with the catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides with an alkyl alcohol to produce corresponding mono carboxylic acid esters and glycerol in high yields and purity. Similarly, alkyl and aryl carboxylic acids and free fatty acids are also converted to corresponding alkyl esters. The described catalysts are thermostable, long lasting, and highly active.

Abstract: Solid mixed catalysts and methods for use in conversion of triglycerides and free fatty acids to biodiesel are described. A batch or continuous process may be used with the catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides with an alkyl alcohol to produce corresponding mono carboxylic acid esters and glycerol in high yields and purity. Similarly, alkyl and aryl carboxylic acids and free fatty acids are also converted to corresponding alkyl esters. The described catalysts are thermostable, long lasting, and highly active.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, a gas feed injector apparatus includes a mounting flange having an internal surface, a first internal gas inlet pipe coupled to the mounting flange, a second internal gas inlet pipe coupled to the mounting flange and an internal gas injection header coupled to the first and second internal gas inlet pipes.

Abstract: Solid mixed catalysts and methods for use in conversion of triglycerides and free fatty acids to biodiesel are described. A batch or continuous process may be used with the catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides with an alkyl alcohol to produce corresponding mono carboxylic acid esters and glycerol in high yields and purity. Similarly, alkyl and aryl carboxylic acids and free fatty acids are also converted to corresponding alkyl esters. The described catalysts are thermostable, long lasting, and highly active.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, a gas feed injector apparatus includes a mounting flange having an internal surface, a first internal gas inlet pipe coupled to the mounting flange, a second internal gas inlet pipe coupled to the mounting flange and an internal gas injection header coupled to the first and second internal gas inlet pipes.