Abstract: An implantable probe for acquiring neural signals or for electrically stimulating neurons, the probe comprising: a support (ES) of flexible polymer material; an inorganic substrate (S?) fastened to said support and having thickness that is sufficiently small to present flexibility comparable to that of the support; at least one electrode (EL) carried by said substrate; and a layer (NC) of conductive material deposited by high temperature growth on a surface of said or each electrode and suitable for improving at least one property thereof selected from: electrical properties; biocompatibility properties; and biostability properties. A method of fabricating such a probe, including making electrodes on said inorganic substrate, thinning it, depositing said conductive layer thereon by growth at high temperature, and subsequently transferring the thinned substrate carrying the coated electrodes onto the support of flexible polymer material.