Abstract: Instead of implementing per flow measurement at every interface of every IGMP Router or Snooping Proxy in the aggregation network, as in the prior art “per flow measurement” approaches, the present invention relates to a scheme where the IGMP Router or Snooping Proxy tracks the multicast subscription of each host (for IGMPv3) or subnet (for IGMPv1 and IGMPv2) and stores the information such as host id, the time the host joined a channel, the duration of the channel delivery, etc. in a database. This database (MIB) can then be pulled by a network management tool using SNMP or WSDM MUWS. According to the invention a mechanism for multicast host authorization is also provided.

Abstract: Priority-based access systems and methods for shared communication media are provided. The priority and a corresponding weight of traffic to be transmitted on a shared communication medium are determined. This determination may be made, for example, before a first attempt to transmit the traffic, or before a subsequent traffic transmission attempt following an unsuccessful transmission attempt. The weight controls a rate of change of an exponential delay range limit factor in proportion to a number of attempts to transmit the traffic. The resultant weighted delay range limit factor is used to determine a range of delays from which a delay is selected. A transmission back-off time is then determined based on the selected delay.

Abstract: A system for providing resilient multimedia broadcasting services over a VPLS network is described. A Network Management System (NMS) calculates disjoint minimum cost trees using the Steiner algorithm, executed with extra steps to result in disjoint trees. Destination PE routers in the VPLS network are connected to the disjoint trees so that they can be serviced by either tree in case of a fault. Each of the disjoint trees is provisioned with enough bandwidth to carry all of the services provided by the VPLS network. Under normal operation, however, the services are distributed evenly over the trees. In the event of a fault, the services on a faulty tree are switched to another tree using split horizon bridging. Each Steiner tree can also be realized using point-to-multipoint LSPs which is fully protected by a precomputed point-to-multipoint LSP.

Abstract: Error correction on high speed interconnection links—backplane or extended wires (cable, optical fiber)—is exhaustively considered by many telecommunication vendors, especially those who offer “scalable router” products. Since the 64b/66b encoding scheme is a strong candidate of high speed interconnection protocol, error correction on 64b/66b encoded links is of interest. Although the IEEE 802.3 10G Ethernet standard does not specifically refer to packet loss, it can be shown that even only a single-bit error correction can significantly enhance the quality of the link. The present invention presents a simple and fast error-correction scheme that can be used in conjunction with the 64b/66b encoding in products where intra-board (chip-to-chip) or inter-shelf interconnections of high speed elements are required. It utilizes the CRC16 to optimize on error detection, correction, or both: it detects and corrects all single-bit errors and detects all multiple-bit errors.

Abstract: 64/66b encoding (IEEE 802.3ae Standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet) is based on a self-synchronous scrambler which inherently duplicates errors occurring in the transmission line. An error carryover indicator ECI vector is used to correct duplicated errors crossing the codeword boundary and entering into the next codeword. The ECI vector is updated for each codeword C(i) to provide the position of the erroneous bit(s) carried over to the next codeword C(i+1). The codeword C(i+1) is corrected by XOR-ing it with the ECI vector.

Abstract: A system for providing resilient multimedia broadcasting services over a VPLS network is described. A network Management System (NMS) calculates disjoint minimum cost trees using the Steiner algorithm executed with extra steps to result in the disjoint trees. Destination PE routers in the VPLS network are connected to the disjoint trees so that they can be serviced by either tree in the case of a fault. Each of the disjoint trees is provisioned with enough bandwidth to carry all of the services provided by the VPLS network. Under normal operation, however, the services are distributed evenly over the trees. In the event of a fault, the services on the faulty tree are switched to the other tree using split horizon bridging. Each Steiner tree can also be realized using poin-to-multipoint LSPs which is fully protected by a precomputed point-to-mulltipoint LSP.

Abstract: Instead of implementing per flow measurement at every interface of every IGMP Router or Snooping Proxy in the aggregation network, as in the prior art “per flow measurement” approaches, the present invention relates to a scheme where the IGMP Router or Snooping Proxy tracks the multicast subscription of each host (for IGMPv3) or subnet (for IGMPv1 and IGMPv2) and stores the information such as host id, the time the host joined a channel, the duration of the channel delivery, etc. in a database. This database (MIB) can then be pulled by a network management tool using SNMP or WSDM MUWS. According to the invention a mechanism for multicast host authorization is also provided.

Abstract: Methods, tools, and a multicast connectivity architecture are provided for provisioning bundled high bandwidth multi-channel multimedia broadcast services over a packet switched communications network. Multicast group membership join/prune requests generated by the destination network nodes are processed on edge. Multicast tree connectivity in the core of the communications network is static and centrally provisioned based on multicast group member edge network nodes associated with subscribers, while dynamic multicasting techniques are employed over the distribution portion of the service provider's communications network to deliver requested content to each destination network node. The methods and tools compute multicast trees, configure on-tree branching network nodes, and establish Virtual Private LAN network overlays for channel bundles to convey multi-channel content in the core of the managed communications network between edge network nodes.

Abstract: 64/66b encoding (IEEE 802.3ae Standard for 10 Gigabit Ethernet) is based on a self-synchronous scrambler which inherently duplicates errors occurring in the transmission line. An error carryover indicator ECI vector is used to correct duplicated errors crossing the codeword boundary and entering into the next codeword. The ECI vector is updated for each codeword C(i) to provide the position of the erroneous bit(s) carried over to the next codeword C(i+1). The codeword C(i+1) is corrected by XOR-ing it with the ECI vector.

Abstract: A method for transmission of digital data in a form of data packets through links carrying data packets with error correction, includes the steps of enveloping a sent packet data, first with an error detection scheme, and secondly with an error correction scheme. The error correction applies to both the sent packet data and to the error detection field. If an error in either of these fields occurs, the error correction scheme attempts to correct it. Error correction may fail in which case the packet is dropped. If error correction does not fail, there is still a possibility that there was an error which error correction did not correct correctly, or did not detect at all because the power of the correction scheme was exceeded. In these cases, the error detection scheme provides a method or means to detect such errors and drop the packet. Corresponding interconnect system with error correction, encode and decode for such are also provided.

Abstract: Priority-based access systems and methods for shared communication media are provided. The priority and a corresponding weight of traffic to be transmitted on a shared communication medium are determined. This determination may be made, for example, before a first attempt to transmit the traffic, or before a subsequent traffic transmission attempt following an unsuccessful transmission attempt. The weight controls a rate of change of an exponential delay range limit factor in proportion to a number of attempts to transmit the traffic. The resultant weighted delay range limit factor is used to determine a range of delays from which a delay is selected. A transmission back-off time is then determined based on the selected delay.

Abstract: An Ethernet mapping enables high speed Ethernet data streams having a data rate of 10 Gb/s to be transported across a synchronous packet switched network fabric having a standard SONET OC-192 line rate of 9.953280 Gbaud. The 10 Gb/s Ethernet data stream is compressed by removing interframe gaps between successive MAC frames to produce a compressed data stream, which is then mapped to a synchronous container. The synchronous container is then launched across the synchronous packet switched network fabric at a standard SONET OC-192 line rate of 9.953280 Gbaud. The synchronous container is preferably provided as a stripped STS-192c frame having only A1 and A2 octets of the Transport Overhead (TOH).

Abstract: Error correction on high speed interconnection links—backplane or extended wires (cable, optical fiber)—is exhaustively considered by many telecommunication vendors, especially those who offer “scalable router’ products. Since the 64b/66b encoding scheme is a strong candidate of high speed interconnection protocol, error correction on 64b/66b encoded links is of interest. Although the IEEE 802.3 10G Ethernet standard does not specifically refer to packet loss, it can be shown that even only a single-bit error correction can significantly enhance the quality of the link. The present invention presents a simple and fast error-correction scheme that can be used in conjunction with the 64b/66b encoding in products where intra-board (chip-to-chip) or inter-shelf interconnections of high speed elements are required. It utilizes the CRC16 to optimize on error detection, correction, or both: it detects and corrects all single-bit errors and detects all multiple-bit errors.

Abstract: An algorithm for media access control over nodes in a buffer insertion ring is described. Each node computes a local add rate and an advertised rate which it communicates to its upstream link partner node. The rate calculations are based on a locally computed tandem rate and a downstream rate received from a downstream link partner node. The algorithm ensures rapid convergence to a fair add rate at which nodes share link resources to avoid starvation in the ring. The advantages include short head of line delay, low operating overhead, and good bandwidth utilization.

Abstract: A method for transmission of digital data in a form of data packets through links carrying data packets with error correction, includes the steps of enveloping a sent packet data, first with an error detection scheme, and secondly with an error correction scheme. The error correction applies to both the sent packet data and to the error detection field. If an error in either of these fields occurs, the error correction scheme attempts to correct it. Error correction may fail in which case the packet is dropped. If error correction does not fail, there is still a possibility that there was an error which error correction did not correct correctly, or did not detect at all because the power of the correction scheme was exceeded. In these cases, the error detection scheme provides a method or means to detect such errors and drop the packet. Corresponding interconnect system with error correction, encode and decode for such are also provided.

Abstract: An Ethernet mapping enables high speed Ethernet data streams having a data rate of 10 Gb/s to be transported across a synchronous packet switched network fabric having a standard SONET OC-192 line rate of 9.953280 Gbaud. The 10 Gb/s Ethernet data stream is compressed by removing interframe gaps between successive MAC frames to produce a compressed data stream, which is then mapped to a synchronous container. The synchronous container is then launched across the synchronous packet switched network fabric at a standard SONET OC-192 line rate of 9.953280 Gbaud. The synchronous container is preferably provided as a stripped STS-192c frame having only A1 and A2 octets of the Transport Overhead (TOH).