Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for diagnosing whether or not an error has occurred in battery cells, the apparatus including a voltage measurement circuit for measuring a voltage of a battery cell, a data processing circuit for calculating a target statistical value indicating a state of the battery cell based on a voltage measured by the voltage measurement circuit, and calculates a cumulative statistical value, and a diagnosis circuit that determines whether or not an error has occurred in the battery cell through a cumulative determination operation of comparing the cumulative statistical value with a cumulative reference value, and counts a number of times of cumulative error when it is determined that the error has occurred in the battery cell in the cumulative determination operation.

Abstract: A battery management system includes a current sensor to measure a battery current through a battery, a voltage sensor to measure a battery voltage across the battery, and a control circuit. In response to a key-on signal during a first rest period of the battery, the control circuit determines a fixed rest time, a fixed Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) and a fixed State Of Charge (SOC), and determines an integrated current value of the battery current during a cycle period of the battery. In response to a key-off signal during the cycle period, the control circuit starts a second rest period of the battery. The control circuit determines an interest SOC corresponding to an interest OCV, i.e., the battery voltage during the second rest period. The control circuit determines a State Of Heath (SOH) of the battery based on the fixed SOC, the integrated current value and the interest SOC.

Abstract: A battery management system includes a memory to store first and second Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) curves, a voltage sensor to measure a battery voltage across a battery, and a control circuit. The first OCV curve defines a first relationship between OCV and State Of Charge (SOC) of the battery during discharge of the battery. The second OCV curve defines a second relationship between OCV and SOC of the battery during charge of the battery. The control circuit is configured to interrupt a flow of current through the battery so that the battery is in a rest state when the control circuit receives a key-off signal. The control circuit estimates a SOC of the battery at a predetermined time interval based on the battery voltage measured at the predetermined time interval and the first OCV curve in case that the battery is being discharged when the key-off signal is received.

Abstract: Provided is a battery management apparatus including a measuring unit measuring a current and a voltage of battery cells, an analyzing unit classifying the battery cells into a plurality of classes based on a feature obtained from the current and the voltage of the battery cells and a degradation behavior of each of the battery cells, and a determining unit determining a lifespan of the battery cells in a preset manner for each of the plurality of classes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery diagnosing technology capable of effectively diagnosing a defective battery cell among a plurality of battery cells included in a battery system at an early stage. The battery system diagnosing apparatus diagnoses a battery system including a plurality of battery cells having electrode tabs therein, and includes a voltage measuring unit for measuring an end voltage at every charging or discharging for each of the plurality of battery cells; and a processor for accumulating the end voltage of each battery cell measured by the voltage measuring unit over time and detecting a battery cell having a defect in the electrode tab among the plurality of battery cells based on the accumulated end voltage trend.

Abstract: A battery diagnosing technology capable of effectively diagnosing a defective battery cell among a plurality of battery cells included in a battery system at an early stage. The battery system diagnosing apparatus diagnoses a battery system including a plurality of battery cells having electrode tabs therein, and includes a cell measuring unit for measuring a voltage or current for each of the plurality of battery cells; and a processor for calculating a state of health (SOH) for each battery cell multiple times over time by using the voltage or current measured by the cell measuring unit and detecting a battery cell having a defect in the electrode tab among the plurality of battery cells based on the SOH of each battery cell calculated multiple times.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for diagnosing whether or not an error has occurred in battery cells, the apparatus including a voltage measurement circuit for measuring a voltage of a battery cell, a data processing circuit for calculating a target statistical value indicating a state of the battery cell based on a voltage measured by the voltage measurement circuit, and calculates a cumulative statistical value, and a diagnosis circuit that determines whether or not an error has occurred in the battery cell through a cumulative determination operation of comparing the cumulative statistical value with a cumulative reference value, and counts a number of times of cumulative error when it is determined that the error has occurred in the battery cell in the cumulative determination operation.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a state of charge (SOC) of a battery includes: a sensing unit configured to measure voltage, current and temperature of a battery; and a processor operably coupled to the sensing unit, and the processor performs: setting a first reference voltage based on a first SOC according to a voltage of the battery, which is calculated in advance using the current of the battery measured at every charge/discharge cycle of the battery; calculating a second SOC according to the voltage of the battery using an equivalent circuit model corresponding to the battery; setting a voltage region of the battery as a first voltage region and a second voltage region based on the first reference voltage; and estimating a SOC of the battery in each of the first voltage region and the second voltage region as any one of the first SOC and the second SOC.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a resistance of a battery includes: a sensing unit configured to measure voltage, current and temperature of a battery; and a processor operably coupled to the sensing unit, wherein the processor calculates a measured resistance of the battery by using the voltage and the current of the battery, determines whether an operation state of the battery corresponds to a resistance correcting condition, corrects the measured resistance by using a resistance increase/decrease rate of a beginning of life (BOL) resistance of the battery according to a charge/discharge rate when the operation state of the battery corresponds to the resistance correcting condition, and determines the corrected measured resistance as a resistance of the battery.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a state of charge (SOC) of a battery includes: a sensing unit configured to measure voltage, current and temperature of a battery; and a processor operably coupled to the sensing unit, and the processor performs: setting a first reference voltage based on a first SOC according to a voltage of the battery, which is calculated in advance using the current of the battery measured at every charge/discharge cycle of the battery; calculating a second SOC according to the voltage of the battery using an equivalent circuit model corresponding to the battery; setting a voltage region of the battery as a first voltage region and a second voltage region based on the first reference voltage; and estimating a SOC of the battery in each of the first voltage region and the second voltage region as any one of the first SOC and the second SOC.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a resistance of a battery includes: a sensing unit configured to measure voltage, current and temperature of a battery; and a processor operably coupled to the sensing unit, wherein the processor calculates a measured resistance of the battery by using the voltage and the current of the battery, determines whether an operation state of the battery corresponds to a resistance correcting condition, corrects the measured resistance by using a resistance increase/decrease rate of a beginning of life (BOL) resistance of the battery according to a charge/discharge rate when the operation state of the battery corresponds to the resistance correcting condition, and determines the corrected measured resistance as a resistance of the battery.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum assembly and a process cartridge and a process cartridge having an improved structure in which a protrusion for receiving a driving force transmitted from a main body of an image forming apparatus may not be easily worn or damaged. The photosensitive drum assembly that is capable of being combined with a driving shaft including a twisted hole with a non-circular cross-section having a plurality of corners, includes: a support disposed at one side of the photosensitive drum; and an insertion body disposed at one side of the support and including a plurality of protrusions that are capable of being inserted in the twisted hole, wherein at least portions of each of the plurality of protrusions based on a cross-section of each protrusion that is perpendicular to the driving shaft, closely contacts two side surfaces of the twisted hole that constitute one of the plurality of corners of the twisted hole, respectively.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum assembly and a process cartridge and a process cartridge having an improved structure in which a protrusion for receiving a driving force transmitted from a main body of an image forming apparatus may not be easily worn or damaged. The photosensitive drum assembly that is capable of being combined with a driving shaft including a twisted hole with a non-circular cross-section having a plurality of corners, includes: a support disposed at one side of the photosensitive drum; and an insertion body disposed at one side of the support and including a plurality of protrusions that are capable of being inserted in the twisted hole, wherein at least portions of each of the plurality of protrusions based on a cross-section of each protrusion that is perpendicular to the driving shaft, closely contacts two side surfaces of the twisted hole that constitute one of the plurality of corners of the twisted hole, respectively.