Abstract: The present disclosure provides an active material comprising a mixed metal oxide in a hydrotalcite derived rocksalt structure, a processes to convert paraffins to corresponding olefins and or heavier hydrocarbons using the active material, and a method of preparing the active material.

Abstract: Compositions can include compounds having a formula: CoyW1-xMx04 (I), wherein M is Mo, V, or Nb; 0.5?x?0; and 1<y?4; and wherein the compound has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern including characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 2.90 ?, 2.56 ?, and 1.73 ?. Methods can include making a bulk catalyst composition including (i) combining tungstic acid and cobalt carbonate and (ii) reacting the tungstic acid and cobalt carbonate to form a catalyst composition, wherein the cobalt carbonate has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern including characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 10.03 ?, 5.91 ?, 4.35 ?, and 4.21 ?.

Abstract: Sulfur-crosslinked olefins, particularly sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon products having one or more sulfur-crosslinked olefin moieties, may undergo pyrolysis to form sulfur-doped porous carbon having high BET surface area values. Pyrolysis to form the sulfur-doped porous carbon may be particularly efficacious in the presence of a hydroxide base. BET surface areas up to 2000 m2/g or even higher may be obtained. Such sulfur-doped porous carbon may be prepared by combining a heavy hydrocarbon product with sulfur, heating to a first temperature state to form a liquefied reaction mixture containing a sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon, homogeneously mixing a hydroxide base with the liquefied reaction mixture, and pyrolyzing the sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon to form sulfur-doped porous carbon.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an active material comprising a mixed metal oxide in a hydrotalcite derived rocksalt structure, a processes to convert paraffins to corresponding olefins and or heavier hydrocarbons using the active material, and a method of preparing the active material.

Abstract: Methods are provided for forming supported catalyst compositions and/or corresponding intermediate catalyst products. The catalyst compositions have improved activity for hydroprocessing of distillate boiling range feeds under hydroprocessing conditions where the hydrogen partial pressure in the hydroprocessing environment is reduced or minimized. The catalyst compositions can correspond to supported CoMo catalysts. The improved activity for hydroprocessing under lower pressure conditions is unexpectedly achieved by using a plurality of treatments with organic compounds during the catalyst formation process. A first treatment with an organic compound can occur prior to, during, and/or after exposing the support to metal precursors for depositing metals on the support. After both the first organic compound and the metal precursors are available in the presence of the support, a first heating and/or carbonizing step can be used to form dispersed metal carbides on the support.

Abstract: This application relates to preparation of mono and bimetallic group V, VI, and VII containing carbide catalysts and the methods of using the carbide catalysts in hydroprocessing applications. A method of producing a carbide catalyst comprising: depositing a precursor metal, an acid or an amine, and an organic compound on a support thereby forming an impregnated support, wherein the organic compound has a carbon number of 10 or greater; and carbonizing the impregnated support thereby forming a carbide phase on the support.

Abstract: Sulfur-crosslinked olefins, particularly sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon products having one or more sulfur-crosslinked olefin moieties, may undergo pyrolysis to form sulfur-doped porous carbon having high BET surface area values. Pyrolysis to form the sulfur-doped porous carbon may be particularly efficacious in the presence of a hydroxide base. BET surface areas up to 2000 m2/g or even higher may be obtained. Such sulfur-doped porous carbon may be prepared by combining a heavy hydrocarbon product with sulfur, heating to a first temperature state to form a liquefied reaction mixture containing a sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon, homogeneously mixing a hydroxide base with the liquefied reaction mixture, and pyrolyzing the sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon to form sulfur-doped porous carbon.