Abstract: In accordance with one or more aspects, a trigger corresponding to media content is retrieved from a storage device. The trigger includes a time-shift parameter identifying how much playback of the media content can be time-shifted while keeping the trigger valid. A determination is made, based at least in part on a current time and the time-shift parameter, whether the trigger is valid during playback of the media content.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more aspects of the referencing data in triggers from applications, a device can store multiple triggers for media content. For each of these triggers, a check is made as to whether a presentation of media content satisfies a criteria portion of the trigger. When the presentation satisfies the criteria portion, one or more actions in a payload portion of the trigger are performed. Additionally, data in the triggers can be referenced by applications executing on the device. These applications include applications that are launched as part of the one or more actions when the criteria portion of a trigger is satisfied, as well as other applications executing on the device.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more aspects of the triggers for media content firing other triggers, a check is made as to whether a presentation of media content satisfies a criteria portion of a trigger. When the presentation satisfies the criteria portion, one or more actions in a payload portion of a different trigger are performed.

Abstract: Original instructions, regarding an original document having a structure (e.g., an object model), for combined static and dynamic aspects of layout, display and user-interface behavior, are converted from an original markup language and a styling language to a binary format by use of a compilation process. The compilation process is specific to both the markup and the styling languages. Alternatively, video content in any of various formats can be compiled into a binary format including one or more of layout, rendering, UI interaction, and dynamic aspects. The binary format is transmitted to a receiver with or without actual programming material, such as a television show. The received binary format is decoded for display and user interaction so as to be consistent with the original instructions. The binary format produced by the compilation process preserves the original document structure so that, after the decoding, the binary format can be manipulated.

Abstract: A rendering engine that supports directional focus navigation, in response to a directional input, shifts the focus to an appropriate focusable element. The rendering engine determines one or more focusable elements that are candidates to receive the focus based on the received directional input and based on the relative display locations of the focusable elements. The rendering engine selects the most appropriate candidate focusable element based on each candidate element's display location in relation to the display location of the element that currently has focus.

Abstract: A rendering engine that supports directional focus navigation, in response to a directional input, shifts the focus to an appropriate focusable element. The rendering engine determines one or more focusable elements that are candidates to receive the focus based on the received directional input and based on the relative display locations of the focusable elements. The rendering engine selects the most appropriate candidate focusable element based on each candidate element's display location in relation to the display location of the element that currently has focus.