Abstract: An online system receives content items from publishing users for presentation to other users. When selecting content for presentation to users, the online system accounts for amounts of compensation from publishing users when presenting content items. To prevent publishing users from exploiting content selection by the online system to obtain disproportionate presentation of their content items relative to other publishing users, the online system generates an estimated amount of revenue from various publishing users from presenting their content items. The online system compares an amount of compensation received from a publishing user to the estimated amount of revenue from the publishing user, and generates clusters of content items from the publishing user for review if the amount of compensation is at least a threshold amount less than the estimated amount of revenue.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments provide a system for densely storing strings within the memory of a software program. During operation, the system receives a set of characters to be stored in a string, wherein each character is encoded using a multi-byte public encoding. The system then stores the set of characters in the string at least in part by performing the following steps. The system determines whether every character of the set can be encoded using a first private encoding that consumes less space per character than the multi-byte public encoding. Responsive to determining that every character of the set can be encoded using the first private encoding, the system stores a particular value associated with the first private encoding in a particular field of the string. The system then stores the set of characters in the string in the first private encoding.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments provide a system for densely storing strings within the memory of a software program. During operation, the system receives a set of characters to be stored in a string, wherein each character is encoded using a multi-byte public encoding. The system then stores the set of characters in the string at least in part by performing the following steps. The system determines whether every character of the set can be encoded using a first private encoding that consumes less space per character than the multi-byte public encoding. Responsive to determining that every character of the set can be encoded using the first private encoding, the system stores a particular value associated with the first private encoding in a particular field of the string. The system then stores the set of characters in the string in the first private encoding.