Abstract: This work investigates the beneficial roles of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl) phosphate (LiTMSP) which may act as a novel bifunctional additive for lithium ion batteries, in particular, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO)/graphite cells. The cycle performance of LNMO/graphite cells is significantly improved with incorporation of LiTMSP. Trimethylsilyl functional group therein can react with HF generated through hydrolysis of LiPF6 by residual water in electrolyte solution, followed by a decrease in the concentration of metal ions dissolution from the electrode. The generation of superior passivating surface film derived by LiTMSP on graphite electrode, suppressing further electrolyte reductive decomposition and deterioration/reformation caused by migrated metal ions, is confirmed. Furthermore, LiTMSP derived surface film is likely to have better lithium ions conductivity with a decrease in resistance of the graphite electrode, improving rate performance of cells.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition including (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent; (ii) at least one conducting salt; (iii) at least one pyridine-SO3 complex of formula (I) wherein R is selected independently at each occurrence from F, C1 to C10 alkyl, C2 to C10 alkenyl, and C2 to C10 alkynyl, wherein alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from F and CN; and n is an integer selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; and (vi) optionally one or more additives; and its use in electrochemical cells.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery comprising (i) at least one anode, (ii) at least one cathode containing a cathode active material selected from lithium ion containing transition metal compounds having a content of Manganese of from 50 to 100 wt.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition (A) containing at least one aprotic organic solvent and at least one compound of formula (I) wherein A+ is selected from Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, and ammonium; is a bidentate radical derived from a (hetero)aromatic 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-diol, from a (hetero)aromatic 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-dicarboxylic acid or from a (hetero)aromatic 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-hydroxycarboxylic acid by abstracting the two H atoms of pairs of adjacent OH groups; and R1 and R2 are organic substituents.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition including (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent; (ii) at least one conducting salt; (iii) at least one pyridine-SO3 complex of formula (I) wherein R is selected independently at each occurrence from F, C1 to C10 alkyl, C2 to C10 alkenyl, and C2 to C10 alkynyl, wherein alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from F and CN; and n is an integer selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; and (vi) optionally one or more additives; and its use in electrochemical cells.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition (A) containing at least one aprotic organic solvent and at least one compound of formula (I) wherein A+ is selected from Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, and ammonium; is a bidentate radical derived from a (hetero)aromatic 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-diol, from a (hetero)aromatic 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-dicarboxylic acid or from a (hetero)aromatic 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-hydroxycarboxylic acid by abstracting the two H atoms of pairs of adjacent OH groups; and R1 and R2 are organic substituents.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition (A) containing (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent, (ii) at least one conducting salt different from the at least one compound of formula (I), (iii) at least one compound of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are selected from C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C14 aryl and C5-C14 heteroaryl and wherein R4 is different from each R1, R2, and R3, (iv) optionally at least one further additive.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery comprising (i) at least one anode, (ii) at least one cathode containing a cathode active material selected from lithium ion containing transition metal compounds having a content of Manganese of from 50 to 100% wt. based on the total weight of transition metal in the lithium ion containing transition metal compound, and (iii) at least one electrolyte composition containing •(A) at least one aprotic organic solvent, •(B) 0.01 up to less than 5% wt. based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate, lithium oxalate, lithium (malonato oxalato)borate, lithium (salicylato oxalato)borate, lithium tris(oxalato)phosphate and vinylene carbonate compounds of formula (I), •(C) 0.01 up to less than 5% wt.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte usable in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries including a solution of LiPF6/carbonate based electrolytes with low concentrations of LiFOP such that the thermal stability is increased compared to a standard lithium battery. A method of making lithium tetrafluorophospahte (LiF4C2O4, LiFOP) including, reacting PF5 with lithium oxalate, recrystallizing DMC/dichloromethane from a 1:1 mixture of to separate LiF4OP from LiPF6 to form a lithium salt. An electric current producing rechargeable Li-ion cell. The rechargeable lithium ion cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous organic solvent containing lithium tetrafluorooxalatophosphate (LiPF4(C2O4), LiF4OP).

Abstract: A thermal indicator material which comprises a plurality of polythiophenes having a second low temperature color and a high temperature color. The polythiophenes are structured and arranged to exhibit a color change from the second low temperature color to the high temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a temperature that meets or exceeds a predetermined temperature and to exhibit a color change from the high temperature color to a first low temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a decline in temperature from a temperature that meets or exceeds the predetermined temperature to a temperature of within the range of between about 5 to 20° C. below the pre-determined temperature that occurs in a time period of greater than 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery electrolyte for use in lithium ion batteries. The electrolyte includes LiPF6, LiBF4, LiB(C2O4)2, or a related salt dissolved in a mixture of organic carbonate, ether or ester solvents with low concentrations of oxidatively unstable additives such that the additives react with a surface of cathode particles to generate a passivation film which prevents oxidation of the electrolyte by the cathode. The additive is a polymerizable organic molecule selected from 2,3-dihydrofuran (2,3-DHF), 2,5-dihydrofuran (2,5-DHF), vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), dimethyl vinylene cabonate (DMVC), and gamma-buyrolactone, or related unsaturated ethers, esters, or carbonates.

Abstract: A thermal indicator material which comprises a plurality of polythiophenes having a second low temperature color and a high temperature color. The polythiophenes are structured and arranged to exhibit a color change from the second low temperature color to the high temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a temperature that meets or exceeds a pre-determined temperature and to exhibit a color change from the high temperature color to a first low temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a decline in temperature from a temperature that meets or exceeds the predetermined temperature to a temperature of within the range of between about 5 to 20° C. below the pre-determined temperature that occurs in a time period of greater than 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte usable in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries including a solution of LiPF6/carbonate based electrolytes with low concentrations of LiFOP such that the thermal stability is increased compared to a standard lithium battery. A method of making lithium tetrafluorophospahte (LiF4C2O4, LiFOP) including, reacting PF5 with lithium oxalate, recrystallizing DMC/dichloromethane from a 1:1 mixture of to separate LiF4OP from LiPF6 to form a lithium salt. An electric current producing rechargeable Li-ion cell. The rechargeable lithium ion cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous organic solvent containing lithium tetrafluorooxalatophosphate (LiPF4(C2O4), LiF4OP).

Abstract: A thermal indicator material which comprises a plurality of polythiophenes having a second low temperature color and a high temperature color. The polythiophenes are structured and arranged to exhibit a color change from the second low temperature color to the high temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a temperature that meets or exceeds a pre-determined temperature and to exhibit a color change from the high temperature color to a first low temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a decline in temperature from a temperature that meets or exceeds the predetermined temperature to a temperature of within the range of between about 5 to 20° C. below the pre-determined temperature that occurs in a time period of greater than 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: A thermal indicator material which comprises a plurality of polythiophenes having a second low temperature color and a high temperature color. The polythiophenes are structured and arranged to exhibit a color change from the second low temperature color to the high temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a temperature that meets or exceeds a pre-determined temperature and to exhibit a color change from the high temperature color to a first low temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a decline in temperature from a temperature that meets or exceeds the predetermined temperature to a temperature of within the range of between about 5 to 20° C. below the pre-determined temperature that occurs in a time period of greater than 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: The invention is directed to use of polythiophenes in a method to determine the genuineness of an article which method comprises providing an article treated with a composition comprised of a polythiophene, the polythiphene having a low temperature color and a weak fluorescence and the structure of the polythiophene being designed such that when the composition is placed in a heat-exchange relationship with the article, the low temperature color will change to a high temperature color and the weak fluorescence will change to a strong fluorescence when a pre-determined temperature is met or exceeded in the article, heating the article to a temperature that meets or exceeds the pre-determined temperature and detecting the color and the fluorescence change.

Abstract: A thermal indicator material which comprises a plurality of polythiophenes having a second low temperature color and a high temperature color. The polythiophenes are structured and arranged to exhibit a color change from the second low temperature color to the high temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a temperature that meets or exceeds a pre-determined temperature and to exhibit a color change from the high temperature color to a first low temperature color when the thermal indicator material is exposed to a decline in temperature from a temperature that meets or exceeds the predetermined temperature to a temperature of within the range of between about 5 to 20° C. below the pre-determined temperature that occurs in a time period of greater than 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: A thermochromic polymer-based temperature indicator composition which comprises a polythiophene and a carrier medium. The composition is characterized in that the polythiophene is present in the medium in an amount of about 0.05 to about 5.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The structure of the compound is designed such that when the composition is placed in a heat-exchange relationship with an article, the composition will exhibit a color change when a design temperature or a temperature beyond the design temperature is reached in the article.

Abstract: Thermally stable electrolytes for Li-ion batteries obtained with the use of Lewis base additives to the electrolytes are disclosed. The Lewis bases stabilize electrolytes composed of solutions of LiPF6 in organic carbonates against decomposition at temperatures as high as 85° C. Additives suitable for stabilizing LiPF6-containing electrolytes include amines, for example, triethylenediamine (TEDA) and 2,2′-bipyridine (BIPY), phosphines, for example, triphenylphosphine (TPP) and tributylphosphine (TBP), and nitrogen-phosphorus bonded compounds such as hexamethoxycyclotriphosphazene ([N═P(OCH3)2]3) (HMOPA), hexamethyl phosphoramide (HMPA), and N-phenyl-P,P,P-trimethylphosphorimidate (PhTMI). These additives are also capable of stabilizing electrolytes in solvents other than carbonates including ethers, esters and sulfones.