Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for dynamically modeling and depicting overall emissions of the aviation industry and changes thereto when taking into account, for example, traffic growth and introduction of sustainability strategies, such as new and/or improved technologies, an increase in operational efficiency, and carbon offsets. Using the dynamic tool described herein, users can define scenarios on how to reduce emissions through the introduction of different sustainability strategies, both statically and over time, analyze the impact of those strategies on emissions, and understand the dependencies between select strategies.

Abstract: A mask for a patient and a method for reducing exposure of aerosol particles emitted from the patient to other individuals. The mask may have an inner chamber configured to enclose a nose and a mouth of the patient. The mask may further have a negative pressure chamber fluidly connected to the inner chamber. The negative pressure chamber may have an outer opening and a suction opening. The outer opening may be covered by a seal. The seal may be configured to be cut or opened to form a device opening providing access to the nose of the patient. The device opening may receive a medical device and form a seal around the medical device. The suction opening may be configured to couple to a suction device for removing the aerosol particles located within the inner chamber and the negative pressure chamber.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a ring belt extending circumferentially about a longitudinal axis of the piston; a combustion bowl disposed between the longitudinal axis and the ring belt along a radial direction, the radial direction being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis; and a squish face disposed between the combustion bowl and the ring belt along the radial direction. The squish face includes a first textured surface disposed on the squish face, the first textured surface including a first plurality of concave surfaces.

Abstract: Ophthalmic instruments, systems and methods enable tonometry and pachymetry measurements to be conducted simultaneously. As such, a patient's intraocular pressure (IOP) corrected for corneal thickness may be determined accurately by a single corneal applanation. Preferably, the ophthalmic instruments have a reference surface at a distal end of the instrument, an applanation plate spaced from the reference surface, and a compliant mount for mounting the applanation plate for resilient displacements relative to the reference surface. The instrument most preferably has a housing such that the reference surface is located at a fixed position at one end of the housing, and the applanation plate is mounted to that one end of the housing in coaxial spaced alignment relative to the reference surface by means of the compliant mount.

Abstract: Spatial information, such as concentration and displacement, about a specific molecular contrast agent, may be determined by stimulating a sample containing the agent, thereby altering an optical property of the agent. A plurality of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images may be acquired, at least some of which are acquired at different stimulus intensities. The acquired images are used to profile the molecular contrast agent concentration distribution of the sample.