Abstract: A power controller includes a plurality of power supply output circuits and a multi-level converter connected to the plurality of power supply output circuits to receive a plurality of sets of voltages. The multi-level converter is configured to supply power to a load from a plurality of output terminals. An observer module is operably coupled to the multi-level converter to selectively control multi-level converter common-mode voltage with respect to the plurality of power supply output terminals.

Abstract: A system and method for calculating the speed of a moving member having an output device providing an output periodic signal as a function of displacement of the moving member includes measuring a time duration for a plurality of first periodic occurrences of the output periodic signal to occur. A number of second periodic occurrences of the output periodic signal is also counted in a selected time period. A speed of the moving member is calculated as a function of the time duration for the plurality of first periodic occurrences to occur and the number of second periodic occurrences to occur in the selected time period.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling energization of an electric motor (rotating or linear). The system and method includes producing a pulse-width modulated command signal to control switching devices that connect the motor to an energization source. A pulse-width modulated duty cycle value is formed as a function of the pulse-width modulated command signal. A leading current with respect to the phase angle of the back EMF is provided to the motor as a function comparing the pulse-width modulated duty cycle value with a selected threshold.

Abstract: A digital process generates a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal for providing current to a load. In one embodiment, an input signal is repeatedly sampled at times corresponding to edges of a reference square wave. The sampled values are used to produce a PWM signal, each pulse of the PWM signal having a width corresponding to one of the sampled values. In another embodiment, the sampled values are used to produce a series of intermediate pulses, the intermediate pulses being used to construct an output PWM signal. The pulses of the output PWM signal generally have leading and trailing edges which do not coincide with the times at which sampling occurs. Therefore, in the second embodiment, sampling does not occur when the PWM signal is opening or closing a switch, and the sampling tends to occur near the average value of the input signal.