Abstract: Provided are spacers, ion-exchange devices comprising spacers, and methods of preparing spacers for improved fluid distribution and sealing throughout an ion-exchange device. These spacers can include an internal cavity surrounded by a perimeter of the spacer. The perimeter can have a first opening and a second opening within the perimeter, and the first opening and the second opening can be located on opposite sides of the internal cavity. The spacers can also have a first and second plurality of channels located within the perimeter, wherein each channel of the first and second plurality of channels extends from the internal cavity towards the first opening or the second opening.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed ion-exchange systems and devices that include composite ion-exchange membranes having 3D printed spacers on them. These 3D printed spacers can drastically reduce the total intermembrane spacing within the system/device while maintaining a reliable sealing surface around the exterior border of the membrane. By adding the spacers directly to the membrane using additive manufacturing, the amount of material used can be reduced without adversely impacting the manufacturability of the composite membrane as well as allow for complex spacer geometries that can reduce the restrictions to flow resulting in less pressure drop associated with the flow in the active area of the membranes.

Abstract: A package and a method of assembling a package are provided. The package includes: a front wall connected to the rear wall by a first side wall and a second side wall; a first end portion and a second end portion disposed at opposite ends of the rear wall, front wall, first side wall, and second side wall; an elongated member; and at least one bracket for holding the elongated member by a clamping effect. A blank is also provided. The blank includes a plurality of panels foldably connected to one another and a bracket connected to one of the panels.

Abstract: A package and a method of assembling a package are provided. The package includes: a front wall connected to the rear wall by a first side wall and a second side wall; a first end portion and a second end portion disposed at opposite ends of the rear wall, front wall, first side wall, and second side wall; an elongated member; and at least one bracket for holding the elongated member by a clamping effect. A blank is also provided. The blank includes a plurality of panels foldably connected to one another and a bracket connected to one of the panels.