Abstract: A configurable lookup table extension system including a plurality of lookup tables arranged in an internal memory, an external memory, and a flexible controller configured to couple at least one of the plurality of lookup tables to the external memory through a single memory interface is disclosed. Implementations of this system can support the flexible allocation of IP and MAC table entries so that a router/switch can flexibly support applications suited to a particular allocation. This approach provides an efficient scheme for extending multiple internal tables to external memory via a single external interface. Further, such extensibility is also programable to allow the size and number of external tables to be configured by software. This solution can provide the flexibility of customizing table sizes for different markets and/or customer requirements.

Abstract: A packet transmit queue control system including a first data structure, a second data structure, a packet controller, and a port transmit controller is disclosed. The first data structure can include a plurality of linked-list data structures and can store unicast type packet pointers. The second data structure can include a plurality of first-in first-out (FIFO) structures and can store multicast type packet pointers. The packet controller can receive a first sequence of unicast and/or multicast type packets. The port transmit controller can provide a second sequence of the unicast and/or multicast type packets. Further, each of the plurality of FIFO structures can correspond to an output port of the system.

Abstract: A cellular phone with directional navigational keys used to replace conventional buttons comprises several directional navigational keys that totalize all traditional button functions in them. The directional navigational key can be 9-directional navigational key, and the 9 directions are upper, lower, left, right, upper right, upper left, lower right, lower left and perpendicular directions. Simply pressing the directional navigational key toward a particular direction among 9 directions to input a number or symbol. Thereby, a convenient operation and small size can be obtained for a cellular phone.

Abstract: A Bluetooth dongle is powered on and connected to a general audio output device such as an earphone. And, a device with Bluetooth function such as a Bluetooth PDA is positioned at another place that is at a distance from the audio output device. The earphone can receive audio signal from the PDA through the Bluetooth dongle after certification and paring procedures are done. Thereby, a set of dongles can be used in variable different devices. Consequently, a wire audio transmission can be easily achieved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for predicting and coding motion vectors in a video compression scheme is disclosed. An ordered list of segments for a reference frame is used to create a hierarchy of segments with a plurality of levels. Motion vectors for segments in the top level are entropy coded, and these vectors are used to predict vectors for segments at the next level. Residual vectors are entropy coded to correct these predictions, and the process of prediction from above and coding residuals continues recursively down through the hierarchy of segment levels. Information about the previous motion of segments may be exploited in the prediction process. A complementary method and apparatus for decoding motion vectors is also disclosed. The same segment hierarchy is used to predict motion vectors by the same method used during encoding, and these predicted vectors are added to residual motion vectors to reconstruct the actual motion vectors.

Abstract: A protocol and header format of a network architecture for communication between a plurality of network devices. In particular, the data frame is resolved at the source device to ascertain the data frame type, and the data frame is forwarded with a virtual network identifier and priority information from the source device to a destination device of the network. The forwarded data frame also includes control information.

Abstract: A frame forwarding and discard architecture in a Differentiated Services network environment. The architecture comprises a discard logic for discarding a frame from a stream of incoming frames of the network environment in accordance with a discard algorithm, the frame being discarded if a predetermined congestion level in the network environment has been reached, and a predetermined backlog limit of a queue associated with the frame, has been reached. Scheduling logic is also provided for scheduling the order in which to transmit one or more enqueued frames of the network environment.

Abstract: A credit-based pacing scheme for heterogeneous speed frame forwarding. A control logic controls the transmission of data between a source device and a destination device in accordance with a handshaking protocol. Pacing logic paces the transmission of the data from the source device to the destination device to prevent congestion in the switching fabric. A credit scheme is used to arbitrate among multiple pacing modules per device, each forwarding data at a different rate.

Abstract: Improved surfactant recovery for recycle and reuse upon ultrafiltration of a surfactant-containing aqueous solution can be obtained using a betaine or amide oxide amphoteric surfactant in the aqueous cleaner/contaminant solution. The surfactant passes through the ultrafiltration membrane with the water in the permeate in very high amounts while the contaminants and other undesirable components are held back in the retentate.

Abstract: Improve surfactant recovery upon ultrafiltration of a surfactant-containing aqueous solution can be obtained using an amphoteric surfactant as the surfactant.