Abstract: An air cleaner arrangement is shown. The air cleaner arrangement includes a serviceable filter cartridge. A preferred filter cartridge positionable within an air cleaner arrangement, is depicted.

Abstract: Processes of extracting mineral deposits in ore include treating a saline source, e.g., seawater, to reduce a concentration of one or more multivalent ions (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42?) dissolved in the saline source by passing the seawater through one or more nanofilters to produce treated saline water while maintain a certain concentration of dissolved monovalent ions (e.g., (Na+, K+ and Cl?) in the treated saline water. The treated saline water can be used in an operation to extract minerals from ore such as in a flotation operation to extract minerals from ore, or to consolidate tailings generated from an extraction of minerals from ore, or both.

Abstract: Processes of extracting mineral deposits in ore include treating a saline source, e.g., seawater, to reduce a concentration of one or more multivalent ions (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42?) dissolved in the saline source by passing the seawater through one or more nanofilters to produce treated saline water while maintain a certain concentration of dissolved monovalent ions (e.g., (Na+, K+ and Cl?) in the treated saline water. The treated saline water can be used in an operation to extract minerals from ore such as in a flotation operation to extract minerals from ore, or to consolidate tailings generated from an extraction of minerals from ore, or both.

Abstract: Processes of consolidating oil sands tailings which includes fines and process water are disclosed. The processes include mixing the oil sands tailings with a highly water soluble salt or an aqueous solution thereof to destabilize and consolidate solids in the tailings, e.g., to destabilize and consolidate fines in the tailings and separating the consolidated solids from the process water. A water soluble polymer and coarse particles, e.g., sand, can also be used in the treatment of oil sands tailings.

Abstract: Processes of consolidating oil sands tailings which includes fines and process water are disclosed. The processes include mixing the oil sands tailings with a highly water soluble salt or an aqueous solution thereof to destabilize and consolidate solids in the tailings, e.g., to destabilize and consolidate fines in the tailings and separating the consolidated solids from the process water. A water soluble polymer flocculant and coarse particles, e.g., sand, can also be used in the treatment of oil sands tailings.

Abstract: Processes of consolidating tailings such as from metal and non-metal based ore processes are disclosed. The processes include mixing tailings with a high concentration of a highly water soluble salt or an aqueous solution thereof to destabilize and consolidate solids in the tailings and separating the consolidated solids from process water.

Abstract: Processes of consolidating oil sands tailings which includes fines and process water are disclosed. The processes include mixing the oil sands tailings with a highly water soluble salt or an aqueous solution thereof to destabilize and consolidate solids in the tailings, e.g., to destabilize and consolidate fines in the tailings and separating the consolidated solids from the process water. A water soluble polymer flocculant and coarse particles, e.g., sand, can also be used in the treatment of oil sands tailings.

Abstract: Separating hydrocarbon from compositions including hydrocarbon and solids such as oil sands, oil sands by products, asphalt compositions, etc. includes treating such compositions with a mixture including a water soluble salt, polymer flocculent and organic diluent. The hydrocarbon separated can be in high yields and with a low solid fines content.

Abstract: Separating hydrocarbon from compositions including hydrocarbon and solids such as oil sands, oil sands by products, asphalt compositions, etc. includes treating such compositions with a mixture including a water soluble salt, polymer flocculent and organic diluent. The hydrocarbon separated can be in high yields and with a low solid fines content.

Abstract: Processes of consolidating oil sands tailings which includes fines and process water are disclosed. The processes include mixing the oil sands tailings with a highly water soluble salt or an aqueous solution thereof to destabilize and consolidate solids in the tailings, e.g., to destabilize and consolidate fines in the tailings and separating the consolidated solids from the process water. A water soluble polymer and coarse particles, e.g., sand, can also be used in the treatment of oil sands tailings.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a comprehensive, efficient, and cost effective portable evaporator unit, method, and system for the treatment of brine. The evaporator unit, method, and system require a pretreatment process that removes heavy metals, crude oil, and other contaminates in preparation for the evaporator unit. The pretreatment and the evaporator unit, method, and system process metals and brine at the site where they are generated (the well site). Thus, saving significant money to producers who can avoid present and future increases in transportation costs.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a comprehensive, efficient, and cost effective portable evaporator unit, method, and system for the treatment of brine. The evaporator unit, method, and system require a pretreatment process that removes heavy metals, crude oil, and other contaminates in preparation for the evaporator unit. The pretreatment and the evaporator unit, method, and system process metals and brine at the site where they are generated (the well site). Thus, saving significant money to producers who can avoid present and future increases in transportation costs.

Abstract: A continuous radio frequency dryer that includes a dryer housing and a conveyor extending through the housing. The conveyor is made up of a series of conveyor rolls spaced from each other, and a pressure roll is above and parallel to each conveyor roll. Plural sets of electrodes alternate with the conveyor rolls, and the electrodes are supplied radio frequency energy. Air is circulated through the housing.