Abstract: A thermal storage system includes a thermally insulated storage container and a payload container adapted to retrievably house a temperature sensitive payload. The system includes layers of first and second phase change materials arranged in a stack with the payload container. The first phase change material has a phase change temperature within a target temperature range of the payload, and the second phase change material has a phase change temperature outside the target temperature range. The layers are arranged to isolate the payload from the second phase change material. In the case of biological materials that must not freeze while stored in the container, this arrangement enables a cold pack containing the layers of phase change materials to be placed in direct contact with the contents container even with a cold pack starting temperature well below the freezing point of the contents.

Abstract: Thermally-stabilizing pellets are used in a contents container to stabilize the temperature at which temperature sensitive contents are stored in the container. The pellets provide a thermal buffer between the stored contents and the environment outside the contents container that retards the rate of temperature change of the stored contents. The stored contents do not experience the extremes in temperature variation within a passive or active thermally insulated container when at least partially buried in the pellets. The pellets can also help isolate the stored contents from phase change materials that could thermally damage the stored contents with physical contact.

Abstract: A thermal storage system for storing or transporting temperature-sensitive contents such as biological or pharmaceutical materials includes a thermally insulated storage container and a contents rack. The contents rack is configured to interact with one or more walls of the insulated storage container to stabilize the contents container at a desired position in the storage container. A contents sleeve and/or contents stabilizers may interact with one or more walls of the storage container. Contents stabilizers may be thermally conductive to provide conductive thermal communication between the stored contents and a phase change material in the storage container located away from the stored contents. The contents rack helps maintain the position of the contents within the storage container as the phase change material changes phase.