Abstract: Described herein are articles, systems, and methods relating to fuel cell systems that include anode chambers with variable volumes. The volume of the anode chamber may be relatively small or essentially zero upon start up to prevent influx of contaminants that would have to be purged from the system. As fuel is directed into the anode chamber, the chamber volume increases to accommodate the flow of fuel.

Abstract: The fuel cell includes an anode chamber having a hydrogen inlet emerging into it. A wall separating the inside of the anode chamber from the outside thereof includes a main region having a first thermal conduction resistance between the outside and the inside of the anode chamber, and a region for promoting the condensation of water having a second thermal conduction resistance between the outside and the inside of the anode chamber strictly smaller than the first thermal conduction resistance so as to delimit a water condensation surface within the anode chamber. A channel for removing the condensed water connects the condensation area to the outside of the anode chamber.

Abstract: Described herein are articles, systems, and methods relating to fuel cell systems that include anode chambers with variable volumes. The volume of the anode chamber may be relatively small or essentially zero upon start up to prevent influx of contaminants that would have to be purged from the system. As fuel is directed into the anode chamber, the chamber volume increases to accommodate the flow of fuel.

Abstract: The fuel cell includes an anode chamber having a hydrogen inlet emerging into it. A wall separating the inside of the anode chamber from the outside thereof includes a main region having a first thermal conduction resistance between the outside and the inside of the anode chamber, and a region for promoting the condensation of water having a second thermal conduction resistance between the outside and the inside of the anode chamber strictly smaller than the first thermal conduction resistance so as to delimit a water condensation surface within the anode chamber. A channel for removing the condensed water connects the condensation area to the outside of the anode chamber.

Abstract: A device for generating gas by placing a liquid reactant in contact with a solid element, including: a liquid reactant tank, a reaction chamber configured to contain the solid element, an injector configured to inject the liquid reactant onto the solid element, and an outlet port configured to collect the gas generated in the reaction chamber, wherein the tank and the reaction chamber are separated in a sealed manner by a mobile wall, the mobile wall including an outlet port for collecting the gas generated in the reaction chamber, and wherein the injector passes through the mobile wall and configured to move into the solid element.

Abstract: Device for generating gas by placing a liquid reactant in contact with a solid element, comprising a liquid reactant tank (6) and a reaction chamber (8) intended to contain the solid element, wherein the tank (6) and the reaction chamber (8) are separated in a sealed manner by a mobile wall (4), with an outlet port (26) for collecting the gas generated in the reaction chamber and means (14) for injecting the liquid reactant onto the solid element, which injection means (14) pass through the mobile wall (4) and are capable of moving into the solid element.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen comprises reacting a hydrogenated compound and water. The hydrogenated compound is in contact with, or may be mixed with an oily substance.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen comprises reacting a hydrogenated compound and water. The hydrogenated compound is in contact with, or may be mixed with an oily substance.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium having a stack of magnetic layers which include at least one rare earth element and at least one transition metal element. At least one of the magnetic layers contain fluorine with an atomic concentration less than 1%. A process for producing a magneto-optical recording medium including magnetic layers. The process includes a step of controlling the Curie temperatures of the magnetic layers by controlling a fluorine atomic concentration of the magnetic layers.

Abstract: A heat transmission apparatus is formed between a thermal source (12) and an object (21) in a vacuum enclosure (1) by placing in a cavity defined by a heat emission wall (20) and the object (21), a granular material (30) which adapts to the thermal expansions, while permitting heating by conductivity under very good conditions.Possible application to the manufacture of semiconductors and the crystallization of thin films.