Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display includes a substrate, an OLED on the substrate, and an encapsulation layer on the substrate with the OLED therebetween. The encapsulation layer includes a plurality of metal layers. Two of the plurality of metal layers are directly attached to each other.

Abstract: In a power saving LED (Light Emitting Diode) display board system, each pixel is formed by combining at least one red LED, at least one blue LED and at least one green LED. The power saving LED display board system includes a power converter; a red LED power supply; a green LED power supply; a blue LED power supply; and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) for controlling the red LED power supply to convert an electric power supplied from the power converter into a red LED operation power, controlling the green LED power supply to convert the electric power supplied from the power converter into a green LED operation power and controlling the blue LED power supply to convert the electric power supplied from the power converter into a blue LED operation power.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides porous, low-k dielectric materials and methods of manufacturing and using the same. In some embodiments, porous, low-k dielectric materials are manufactured by forming a porogen-containing dielectric layer on a substrate and then removing at least a portion of said porogen from the layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprises a top surface having a first contact, a bottom surface having a second contact, a via hole penetrating a substrate, an insulation layer structure on a sidewall of the via hole, the insulation layer structure having an air gap therein, a through electrode having an upper surface and a lower surface on the insulation layer structure, the through electrode filling the via hole and the lower surface being the second contact, and a metal wiring electrically connected to the upper surface of the through electrode and electrically connected to the first contact.

Abstract: A method of forming a buried gate electrode prevents voids from being formed in a silicide layer of the gate electrode. The method begins by forming a trench in a semiconductor substrate, forming a conformal gate oxide layer on the semiconductor in which the trench has been formed, forming a first gate electrode layer on the gate oxide layer, forming a silicon layer on the first gate electrode layer to fill the trench. Then, a portion of the first gate electrode layer is removed to form a recess which exposed a portion of a lateral surface of the silicon layer. A metal layer is then formed on the semiconductor substrate including on the silicon layer. Next, the semiconductor substrate is annealed while the lateral surface of the silicon layer is exposed to form a metal silicide layer on the silicon layer.

Abstract: A method of forming through silicon vias (TSVs) includes forming a primary via hole in a semiconductor substrate, depositing low-k dielectric material in the primary via hole, forming a secondary via hole by etching the low-k dielectric in the primary via hole, in such a manner that a via insulating layer and an inter metal dielectric layer of the low-k dielectric layer are simultaneously formed. The via insulating layer is formed of the low-k dielectric material on sidewalls and a bottom surface of the substrate which delimit the primary via hole and the inter metal dielectric layer is formed on an upper surface of the substrate. Then a metal layer is formed on the substrate including in the secondary via hole, and the metal layer is selectively removed from an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a method of forming a hardened porous dielectric layer. The method may include forming a dielectric layer containing porogens on a substrate, transforming the dielectric layer into a porous dielectric layer using a first UV curing process to remove the porogens from the dielectric layer, and transforming the porous dielectric layer into a crosslinked porous dielectric layer using a second UV curing process to generate crosslinks in the porous dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method of forming metal films includes preparing a substrate, on which an insulating layer and a metal layer formed of a first metal are exposed; and forming a metal capping layer by supplying an organic precursor of a second metal onto the substrate to deposit the second metal simultaneously on the insulating layer and the metal layer, wherein the second metal capping layer has different thicknesses on the insulating layer and the metal layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device and an apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor device in which moisture is removed from a porous low-dielectric layer after a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process include formation of a porous low-dielectric layer on a substrate. A metal interconnection is formed on the substrate having the porous low-dielectric layer. The metal interconnection forms a planar surface with the porous low-dielectric layer to fill the openings. Ultraviolet (UV) light is irradiated to the porous low-dielectric layer to remove absorbed moisture from the porous low-dielectric layer. A capping layer is formed on the substrate having the porous low-dielectric layer and the metal interconnection. The capping layer is formed in-situ to prevent additional absorption of moisture.

Abstract: A method of forming metal films includes preparing a substrate, on which an insulating layer and a metal layer formed of a first metal are exposed; and forming a metal capping layer by supplying an organic precursor of a second metal onto the substrate to deposit the second metal simultaneously on the insulating layer and the metal layer, wherein the second metal capping layer has different thicknesses on the insulating layer and the metal layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a gate electrode of a semiconductor device is provided, the method including: forming a plurality of stacked structures each comprising a tunnel dielectric layer, a first silicon layer for floating gates, an intergate dielectric layer, a second silicon layer for control gates, and a mask pattern, on a semiconductor substrate in the stated order; forming a first interlayer dielectric layer between the plurality of stacked structures so that a top surface of the mask pattern is exposed; selectively removing the mask pattern of which the top surface is exposed; forming a third silicon layer in an area from which the hard disk layer was removed, and forming a silicon layer comprising the third silicon layer and the second silicon layer; recessing the first interlayer dielectric layer so that an upper portion of the silicon layer protrudes over the he first interlayer dielectric layer; and forming a metal silicide layer on the upper portion of the silicon layer.

Abstract: A gate structure can include a polysilicon layer, a metal layer on the polysilicon layer, a metal silicide nitride layer on the metal layer and a silicon nitride mask on the metal silicide nitride layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a gate structure can be provided by forming a tunnel insulation layer on a substrate and forming a floating gate on the tunnel insulation layer. A dielectric layer pattern can be on the floating gate and a control gate can be formed on the dielectric layer pattern, which can be provided by forming a first conductive layer pattern on the dielectric layer pattern. A metal ohmic layer pattern can be formed on the first conductive layer pattern. A diffusion preventing layer pattern can be formed on the metal ohmic layer pattern. An amorphous layer pattern can be formed on the diffusion preventing layer pattern forming a second conductive layer pattern on the amorphous layer pattern. The floating gate can be further formed by forming an additional first conductive layer pattern on the tunnel insulation layer. An additional metal ohmic layer pattern can be formed on the additional first conductive layer pattern.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes: forming a first polysilicon layer having a first thickness in a peripheral circuit region formed on a substrate; forming a stack structure comprising a first tunneling insulating layer, a charge trap layer, and a blocking insulating layer in a memory cell region formed on the substrate; forming a second polysilicon layer having a second thickness that is less than the first thickness on the blocking insulating layer; and forming gate electrodes by siliciding the first and second polysilicon layers.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory wiring method includes: receiving a substrate having a cell array region and a peripheral circuit region; depositing a first insulating layer on the substrate; forming a first contact plug in the cell array region, the first contact plug having a first conductive material extending through the first insulating layer; forming a first elongated conductive line at substantially the same time as forming the first contact plug, the first elongated conductive line having the first conductive material directly covering and integrated with the first contact plug; forming a second contact plug in the peripheral circuit region at substantially the same time as forming the first contact plug, the second contact plug having the first conductive material extending through the first insulating layer; and forming a second elongated conductive line at substantially the same time as forming the second contact plug, the second elongated conductive line having the first conductive material directly coveri

Abstract: A gate structure includes an insulation layer on a substrate, a first conductive layer pattern on the insulation layer, a metal ohmic layer pattern on the first conductive layer pattern, a diffusion preventing layer pattern on the metal ohmic layer pattern, an amorphous layer pattern on the diffusion preventing layer pattern, and a second conductive layer pattern on the amorphous layer pattern. The gate structure may have a low sheet resistance and desired thermal stability.

Abstract: A supporting apparatus of a display device is provided that includes a fixing unit, one or more sliding units, and a device connecting part. The fixing unit may be fixed to a mounting position. The sliding units may be rotatably connected to the fixing unit. The device connecting part may be rotatable relative to the sliding unit and may be coupled with the display device. The sliding unit may include a first sliding member rotatable relative to the fixing unit, and a second sliding member slidable relative to the first sliding member.

Abstract: A double-sided light emitting device including lower and upper substrates, an emission element formed between an inner surface of the upper substrate and an inner surface of the lower substrate and emitting predetermined light, an upper layer of polarizing material disposed on at least one of inner and outer surfaces of the upper substrate, and a lower layer of polarizing material disposed on at least one of inner and outer surfaces of the lower substrate.

Abstract: A plurality of spaced-apart conductor structures is formed on a semiconductor substrate, each of the conductor structures including a conductive layer. Insulating spacers are formed on sidewalls of the conductor structures. An interlayer-insulating film that fills gaps between adjacent ones of the insulating spacers is formed. Portions of the interlayer-insulating layer are removed to expose upper surfaces of the conductive layers. Respective epilayers are grown on the respective exposed upper surfaces of the conductive layers and respective metal silicide layers are formed from the respective epilayers.

Abstract: In a power saving LED (Light Emitting Diode) display board system, each pixel is formed by combining at least one red LED, at least one blue LED and at least one green LED. The power saving LED display board system includes a power converter; a red LED power supply; a green LED power supply; a blue LED power supply; and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) for controlling the red LED power supply to convert an electric power supplied from the power converter into a red LED operation power, controlling the green LED power supply to convert the electric power supplied from the power converter into a green LED operation power and controlling the blue LED power supply to convert the electric power supplied from the power converter into a blue LED operation power.