Abstract: A cyclic capillary electrophoresis device includes a capillary channel that forms a closed loop. The capillary channel comprises an inner half facing toward a space enclosed by the loop, where the inner half having an inner wall of first charge density, and an outer half facing away from the space enclosed by the loop, where the outer half having an inner wall surface of second charge density. A difference between the first and the second charge densities exists or can be turned on. The difference is configured to create a smaller average electroosmotic flow velocity in the inner half than in the outer half.

Abstract: Embodiments for sorting particles are provided that include a microfluidic channel configured to receive a microfluidic flow that comprises a plurality of particles having different characteristics, the microfluidic channel having a plurality of output flow channels, a first detector configured to detect the location of the particles, a plurality of actuators located along the direction of the microfluidic flow and defining a sorting electrode arrangement. The microfluidic device further comprises a controller configured to receive signals from the first detector and to provide force field profiles for each of the plurality of particles, wherein each force field profile comprises a plurality of deflection force settings along the direction of the microfluidic flow. The controller individually addresses the plurality of actuators to generate a plurality of actuation inducing fields along the direction of the microfluidic flow to generate the deflection force settings in the force field profiles.

Abstract: A cyclic capillary electrophoresis device includes a capillary channel that forms a closed loop. The capillary channel comprises an inner half facing toward a space enclosed by the loop, where the inner half having an inner wall of first charge density, and an outer half facing away from the space enclosed by the loop, where the outer half having an inner wall surface of second charge density. A difference between the first and the second charge densities exists or can be turned on. The difference is configured to create a smaller average electroosmotic flow velocity in the inner half than in the outer half.