Abstract: The present invention is directed to the welding of a trailing sheet tail on a roll of sheet material to an underlying layer of the sheet material on the roll to form a finished roll product ready for packaging. A device for effecting the welding comprises a thermally conductive, heat sealing disk mounted for rotation about an axis, and a heating element for heating an inner portion of the disk so as to cause thermal conduction through an outer portion of the disk towards an outer peripheral surface thereof. The heat sealing disk is mounted for engagement with the outer surface of the trailing sheet tail to weld this tail to the underlying layer of sheet material on the roll.

Abstract: Method for adequately modeling process induced variabilities is disclosed that comprises the steps of acquiring experimental data and defining a particular design space. Values for the mean and standard deviation of the experimental data at each of the points defining the design space are calculated. The experimental values of the output parameters at each of the design points is normalized to extract the shape of the distribution of each of the design points. The normalized values are then merged to form a cumulative distribution function associated with the data. The cumulative distribution function is applied to a new design point in a predicted fashion by first calculating a mean and standard deviation value for the new point by interpolating from the mean and standard deviation values from the experimental data. The cumulative distribution function is then scaled and centered using the interpolated mean and standard deviation values to provide a predicted data distribution for the new design point.

Abstract: A magnifying map viewer for magnifying a map surface so that it may be easily read by a user. The magnifying map viewer includes a case having top and bottom panels and a perimeter side wall between the top and bottom panels of the case. The top and bottom panels of the case define a space therebetween designed for positioning a map therein. The perimeter side wall of the case has an side opening into the space between the top and bottom panels for extending a map into the space between the top and bottom panels. The top panel of the case has a top opening into the space between the top and bottom panels for permitting a user to view a surface of a map in the space between the top and bottom panels. The lower ends of a plurality of support posts are coupled to the top panel. A magnifying window has a magnifying lens and an outer frame extending around the magnifying lens of the magnifying window.

Abstract: An improved pump down wipe plug has at least one tooth protruding from its bottom surface capable of engaging, denting and penetrating the surface on which the plug comes in contact within the well. An improved process of cementing and drilling through a plug comprises inserting a pump down wipe plug having at least one tooth protruding from its bottom surface at the interface of wet cement and another fluid within the well, pumping the wet cement and the plug into position so that the tooth engages, dents and penetrates the surface below it, then when the cement has set, lowering a drill bit onto the plug and drilling the plug, the tooth or teeth retarding the tendency of the plug to rotate over the surface with which it is in contact thereby enhancing the drilling action of the drilling bit.

Abstract: A cementing/plug drilling apparatus consists of a flat plate slightly less in maximum diameter than the pipe in which it will pass having at least one protrusion or tooth on both faces, the tooth being strong enough and sharp enough to engage, dent and penetrate a cement surface and a pump down wipe plug and, the plate having an opening on each face in fluid communication with each other through a fluid passage. An improved process of cementing and drilling through a pump down wipe plug comprises placing a plate having teeth on both faces between a pump down wipe plug and the surface that the bottom of the plug contacts during the cementing process, so that when the drill bit contacts the plug the teeth on the top of the plate engage and hold the plug and the teeth on the bottom of the plate engage and hold the surface on which they are in contact, thereby retarding the tendency of the plug to slide over the surface below it and enhancing the drilling action of the drill bit.

Abstract: An improved well shoe or collar has at least one tooth protruding from the top of the cement shoulder of the shoe or collar capable of engaging, denting and penetrating a pump down wipe plug and retarding the tendency of the plug to rotate when engaged by a drilling bit, thereby enhancing the drilling action of a drill bit on a pump down wipe plug. An improved process of cementing within a well and drilling through a plug comprises inserting a pump down wipe plug at the interface of a fluid and wet cement, pumping the plug down the well until it comes into contact with a shoulder of a shoe or collar having at least one protrusion extending from the surface of the shoulder capable of engaging, denting and penetrating the plug, subsequently after the cement has set, lowering a drill bit onto the top of the plug, the protrusion retarding the tendency of the plug to rotate with the rotating action of the drill bit and enhancing the drilling action of the bit.