Abstract: An apparatus for separating exhaust particulates from an exhaust gas stream, includes a ceramic honeycomb body with ducts through which exhaust gas can flow and which extend in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb body, with the honeycomb body being provided with electrodes for generating an electric field which are each oriented transversally to the axis of the ducts. The electrodes are each formed by a group of ducts in which an electric conductor is introduced at least partly along their axial extension. It preferably includes a metallic coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating exhaust particulates from an exhaust gas stream, comprising a ceramic honeycomb body (7) with ducts (3, 4, 5) which can be flowed through by exhaust gas and extend in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb body, with the honeycomb body (7) being provided with electrodes for generating an electric field which are each oriented transversally to the axis of the ducts (3, 4, 5). It is provided in accordance with the invention that the electrodes are each formed by a group of ducts (4) in which an electric conductor (6) is introduced at least partly along their axial extension. It preferably concerns a metallic coating (6).

Abstract: A device and process for cleaning exhaust gases, in particular those from diesel engines, in which the exhaust gases are taken through a channel (36a) of a ceramic body (36) where an electric field is generated substantially transversely to the direction of flow, whereby the soot particles deposited on the walls of the channel (36a) are oxidized by free ions or ions adhering to oxygen.

Abstract: Soot particles are separated from diesel exhaust gases and burned by passing them in a direction of flow through a cellular filter open at both ends and comprised of honeycomb-shaped cells, and subjecting the soot particles to an electric or magnetic field before the soot particles are burned. The honeycomb-shaped cells are very wide transversely to the direction of flow and very flat in the direction of flow, and the webs of the honeycomb-shaped cells extending in the direction of flow are very thin.

Abstract: A method of producing an amplitude- or intensity-modulated fiber-optical reflection sensor comprising an optical fiber and a light-reflecting surface, the optical fiber being arranged to transmit light to the light-reflecting surface, to receive the reflected light from the surface and to conduct the light for further processing, and the optical fiber having an end with an end face spaced a predetermined distance from the light-reflecting surface, which method comprises the steps of introducing the optical fiber end in a through bore of a block having an end face, placing a hardenable adhesive mass in the through bore around the optical fiber end to fix the optical fiber end in the block, permitting the hardenable adhesive mass to harden, and together grinding the end faces of the optical fiber end and of the block. The end face of the block may be concavely ground and a membrane may span the concavely ground end face and carry the light-reflecting surface.

Abstract: An electric-wind or static-breeze generating system in which ions are produced in a duct and drift toward a counterelectrode thereby displacing a gas, e.g. air, through the duct at atmospheric pressure. Nozzles can introduce an aerosol to increase the air displacement and an alternating current system can be utilized to energize the device in a bipolar manner.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for generating ions into the atmosphere in which ion generation from a high voltage wire electrode is enhanced and accelerated by a high voltage reflective screen and a partially conductive auxiliary electrode which collects a charge. The auxiliary electrode defines an opening through which the ions pass and are accelerated. The apparatus is contained in an insulating housing.

Abstract: An air ionizer comprises an ion emission wire and a metallic reflecting shield partially surrounding it, the wire and the shield being connected to a high voltage source. The shield is insulated from ground and its two edges define therebetween a discharge region for the emitted ions. The reflecting polarity of the wire and reflecting shield potentials are the same. The high voltage potential at the shield is at least 3000 V, preferably 5000-10,000 V and does not exceed that at the wire. The potential of the high voltage source to which the shield is connected is at least equal to the potential prevailing at the shield edges due to the electrical field generated by the electrical charge at the wire in the absence of a reflecting shield.

Abstract: The burn-up of nuclear fuel in a reactor is measured by producing two measuring signals, each of which is a function of the flux of a different neutron energy or group, and comparing the two signals to compute the burn-up.