Abstract: Assessing a thermal conductivity of a viscoelastic material in a steady state using a conduction method includes i) allowing a sample of the viscoelastic material to reach thermal equilibrium in a liquid at a first temperature, ii) assessing a heat flow of the sample at the first temperature, iii) repeating i) and ii) at one or more additional temperatures, and iv) assessing the thermal conductivity of the viscoelastic material based on the heat flow of the sample at the first temperature and the one or more additional temperatures, a cross-sectional area of the sample, and a temperature-thickness gradient of the sample at thermal equilibrium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synthesis method for unsupported and supported ruthenium base (RuS2) catalysts from a ruthenium complex precursor, which is decomposed and activated by a simple activation process; these steps provide a catalyst with very high catalytic activity, in addition the incorporation of ruthenium complex precursor to a support by methods of incipient and wet impregnating is described; the obtained catalytic activities in this invention are in the order of 100 times the molybdenum sulfide catalyst without support and without promoter, 14 times the industrial supported catalyst, and 5 times the activity of the currently most active commercial unsupported catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthesis method of a family of ruthenium sulfide catalysts promoted with an added additional metal, unsupported (M/RuS2) and supported (M/RuS2/support). The obtained catalysts exhibit a high catalytic activity in hydrotreating or hydroprocessing (HDT) of hydrocarbons, mainly hydrodesulfuration, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrodeoxigenation. The impact of the present invention for application in the commercial context, lies in the high catalytic activity of the obtained catalysts, which is far superior to the existing commercial catalysts, as well as the simplicity of the synthesis method, which will affect the quality of the products obtained in the oil industry, allowing to meet the environmental standards imposed by current legislations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synthesis method for unsupported and supported ruthenium base (RuS2) catalysts from a ruthenium complex precursor, which is decomposed and activated by a simple activation process; these steps provide a catalyst with very high catalytic activity, in addition the incorporation of ruthenium complex precursor to a support by methods of incipient and wet impregnating is described; the obtained catalytic activities in this invention are in the order of 100 times the molybdenum sulfide catalyst without support and without promoter, 14 times the industrial supported catalyst, and 5 times the activity of the currently most active commercial unsupported catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthesis method of a family of ruthenium sulfide catalysts promoted with an added additional metal, unsupported (M/RuS2) and supported (M/RuS2/support). The obtained catalysts exhibit a high catalytic activity in hydrotreating or hydroprocessing (HDT) of hydrocarbons, mainly hydrodesulfuration, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrodeoxigenation. The impact of the present invention for application in the commercial context, lies in the high catalytic activity of the obtained catalysts, which is far superior to the existing commercial catalysts, as well as the simplicity of the synthesis method, which will affect the quality of the products obtained in the oil industry, allowing to meet the environmental standards imposed by current legislations.

Abstract: A media reservation system and method for secure, dependable, real-time reservation of media space on a plurality of media distribution channels. The system and method include transporting media to the location from which the media will enter a media distribution channel and the placement of the media in the media distribution channel. This permits media to be placed easily from any place in the world to any other place in the world.

Abstract: A media reservation system and method for secure, dependable, real-time reservation of media space on a plurality of media distribution channels. The system and method include transporting media to the location from which the media will enter a media distribution channel and the placement of the media in the media distribution channel. This permits media to be placed easily from any place in the world to any other place in the world.

Abstract: In the device: at least one set of links sends packet formated digital information to the satellite, on at least two different frequencies; at least one satellite-borne module receives, multiplexes and re-formates the information on only one downlink; at least one of the links works in a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) mode.

Abstract: The device comprises at least one set of links that send packet formatted digital information to the satellite on at least two different frequencies, at least one second set of links on board the satellite receives the digital information packets, at least one packet time multiplexing module connected both to output of the second set of links and to input of a digital information formatting module comprising a scrambler connected to input of a part of a broadcasting DVB-S chain beginning by a convolutive interleaving block and terminating by a QPSK modulator, at least one clock on board the satellite, this clock, working in asynchronism with all earth clocks and driving the satellite-borne assembly.

Abstract: In an FSK modulated signal receiving station a synchronization sub-system is arranged to sample the received signal and to select one sample per symbol within a detection window having a finite length, said samples being selected at predeterined instants. This produces a number of versions of the sampled signal and these different versions of the signal are then processed in parallel to determine the signal timing and the signal frequency offset.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for digital broadcasting by satellite and including a link sending digital information to the satellite, the satellite retransmitting a broadcast multiplex. According to the invention, the link includes a plurality of individual transmitters each of which transmits a transmission signal at a first rate corresponding to at least one program, and wherein the satellite includes an onboard multiplexer module combining the transmission signals to form the transmission multiplex at a second rate higher than the first rate.

Abstract: Before modulating the transmission carrier, each binary data signal is individually coded as a discrete symbol belonging to a PSK constellation of N symbols which are combined with N discrete points to produce two binary signal streams of which the first is in phase with the incoming signal while the second is in phase quadrature with said incoming signal. Each of said two binary signal streams is assigned its own signature by combining it with a discrete spreading code to produce two spread composite signal streams each of which is to be applied to a modulator. Both of said spreading codes are substantially orthogonally cross-correlated. The method may be used in a satellite communications system, in particular for digital sound transmission and communication via land microterminals.