Abstract: Provided herein are genetically modified host cells, compositions, and methods for improved production of vanillin and/or glucovanillin. The host cells, compositions, and methods described herein provide an efficient route for the heterologous production of vanillin and/or glucovanillin and any compound that can be synthesized or biosynthesized from either or both.

Abstract: A butt joint flashing system is provided that includes a butt joint flashing have a pair of funnels formed at the bottom of one side of the flashing and a coupling corner formed at an upper corner of the flashing to enable attaching multiple sheets of flashing to a utility belt and a perforated line that facilitates easy dispensing of the flashing one sheet or multiple sheets a time. An end joint flashing is also provided that includes a funnel and a coupling corner along with an upright end wall with closed cell foam on the interior to protect from water.

Abstract: A butt joint flashing system is provided that includes a butt joint flashing have a pair of funnels formed at the bottom of one side of the flashing and a coupling corner formed at an upper corner of the flashing to enable attaching multiple sheets of flashing to a utility belt and a perforated line that facilitates easy dispensing of the flashing one sheet or multiple sheets a time. An end joint flashing is also provided that includes a funnel and a coupling corner along with an upright end wall with closed cell foam on the interior to protect from water.

Abstract: A time delay circuit including at least one spiral delay line formed on a top surface of a first substrate. In one embodiment, the delay line is defined by two concentric spiral delay line sections. Vias extend through the substrate between the delay line sections to reduce cross-talk therebetween. In another embodiment, the delay circuit includes a second substrate spaced from the first substrate, where a spiral delay line is formed on a top surface of the second substrate. A planar metal layer is provided on a backside surface of the first substrate and a conductive element extends through an opening in the metal layer and is coupled to the spiral delay lines, where the planar member provides magnetic isolation between the delay lines. In yet another embodiment, a multi-bit switched circuit can be provided on one of the substrates and be electrically connected to the delay line.

Abstract: A time delay circuit including at least one spiral delay line formed on a top surface of a first substrate. In one embodiment, the delay line is defined by two concentric spiral delay line sections. Vias extend through the substrate between the delay line sections to reduce cross-talk therebetween. In another embodiment, the delay circuit includes a second substrate spaced from the first substrate, where a spiral delay line is formed on a top surface of the second substrate. A planar metal layer is provided on a backside surface of the first substrate and a conductive element extends through an opening in the metal layer and is coupled to the spiral delay lines, where the planar member provides magnetic isolation between the delay lines. In yet another embodiment, a multi-bit switched circuit can be provided on one of the substrates and be electrically connected to the delay line.

Abstract: A novel swing speed training weight that is a composite plastic helical coil adapted to slidably attach to a bat used in the sport of baseball and softball.

Abstract: A bioengineered synthesis scheme for the production of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene from a carbon source is provided. Methods of producing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene acid from a carbon source based on the synthesis scheme are also provided. Methods are also provided for converting 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene to 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene by catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: A bioengineered synthesis scheme for the production of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene from a carbon source is provided. Methods of producing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene from a carbon source based on the synthesis scheme are also provided. Methods are also provided for converting 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybenzene to 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene by catalytic hydrogenation.