Abstract: Provided is a linear structure for displacement transmission that can be bent in a second direction or a third direction when force in the second direction or the third direction is applied and can transmit a displacement in a first direction from an end of one side to an end of the other side when force in the first direction is applied. The linear structure includes a displacement transmission plate and a plurality of displacement transmission rods disposed radially on the displacement transmission plate to transmit the displacement in the first direction from the end of one side to the end of the other side.

Abstract: Provided is a linear structure for displacement transmission having a structure that enables a desired movement to be performed smoothly while minimizing complexity of a system through a simple structure in performing a precise and fine movement, and a one-dimensional and three-dimensional micro movement device using the same.

Abstract: An object of the application is to provide a head-integrated for an atomic force microscope capable of realizing minimization of a weight and a volume and improvement of structural stability by optimizing a head structure of the atomic force microscope. Another object of the application is to provide a head-integrated atomic force microscope capable of being utilized for imaging a large-area sample by enabling high-rate head scan due to dynamic characteristics improved by mounting the integrated-head described above. Still another object of the application is to provide a composite microscope including a head-integrated atomic force microscope, capable of performing high-rate position search and imaging and performing precise observation of a three-dimensional shape up to an atomic image level in a region of interest by combining the head-integrated atomic force microscope having the improved dynamic characteristics as described above and an electron microscope or an optical microscope with each other.

Abstract: An object of the application is to provide a head-integrated for an atomic force microscope capable of realizing minimization of a weight and a volume and improvement of structural stability by optimizing a head structure of the atomic force microscope. Another object of the application is to provide a head-integrated atomic force microscope capable of being utilized for imaging a large-area sample by enabling high-rate head scan due to dynamic characteristics improved by mounting the integrated-head described above. Still another object of the application is to provide a composite microscope including a head-integrated atomic force microscope, capable of performing high-rate position search and imaging and performing precise observation of a three-dimensional shape up to an atomic image level in a region of interest by combining the head-integrated atomic force microscope having the improved dynamic characteristics as described above and an electron microscope or an optical microscope with each other.

Abstract: A conductive atomic force microscope including a plurality of probe structures each including a probe and a cantilever connected thereto, a power supplier applying a bias voltage, a current detector detecting a first current flowing between a sample object and each of the probes and a second current flowing between a measurement object and each of the probes, and calculating representative currents for the sample and measurement objects based on the first and second currents, respectively, and a controller calculating a ratio between representative currents of the sample object measured by each of the probe structures, calculating a scaling factor for scaling the representative current with respect to the measurement object measured by each of the probes, and determine a reproducible current measurement value based on the second measurement current and the scaling factor may be provided.

Abstract: A conductive atomic force microscope including a plurality of probe structures each including a probe and a cantilever connected thereto, a power supplier applying a bias voltage, a current detector detecting a first current flowing between a sample object and each of the probes and a second current flowing between a measurement object and each of the probes, and calculating representative currents for the sample and measurement objects based on the first and second currents, respectively, and a controller calculating a ratio between representative currents of the sample object measured by each of the probe structures, calculating a scaling factor for scaling the representative current with respect to the measurement object measured by each of the probes, and determine a reproducible current measurement value based on the second measurement current and the scaling factor may be provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a complex oxide catalyst of Bi/Mo/Fe and an oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene in the presence of a catalyst herein. A catalyst of the present invention is superior to the conventional Bi/Mo catalyst in thermal and mechanical stabilities, conversion and selectivity toward 1,3-butadiene, while showing a long-term catalytic activity.

Abstract: A nanostructure without bulges and a method of fabricating the nanostructure are provided. The method includes forming a nanopattern on a surface of a polymer, allowing the surface of the polymer with the nanopattern to come into contact with a predetermined solvent, and applying an external stimulus to the surface of the polymer in contact with the solvent to remove bulges around the nanopattern formed during formation of the nanopattern. Accordingly, the bulges of the nanostructure where the nanopattern is formed may be removed at a low cost and in a simple manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a complex oxide catalyst of Bi/Mo/Fe and an oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene in the presence of a catalyst herein. A catalyst of the present invention is superior to the conventional Bi/Mo catalyst in thermal and mechanical stabilities, conversion and selectivity toward 1,3-butadiene, while showing a long-term catalytic activity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a solid catalyst having the following formula for preparing nitrites and its preparation, in particular which contains molybdenum and phosphorus, etc. as main component which can improve the conversion and the selectivity in case of using as a catalyst during the process for preparing a heteroaromatic nitriles.Mo.sub.x P.sub.y O.sub.z X Ywherein,Mo is molybdenum;P is phosphorus;O is oxygen;X is ammonium salt or ion;Y is water; andx,y and z are respectively a number of atom, wherein y/x is 0.01.about.5 and z is 0.01.about.10.

Abstract: This invention relates to a vapor phase process for preparing cyanopyrazine, in particular which is reacting 2-methylpyrazine with ammonia and oxygen over molybdenum-phosphorus oxide-based catalyst of the following formula having the high selectivity and conversion.Mo.sub.x.P.sub.y.O.sub.z.X.Ywherein,Mo is molybdenum;P is phosphorus;O is oxygen;X is ammonium ion;Y is water; andx,y and z are respectively the numbers of atoms Mo, P and O, wherein y/x is 0.01 to 5 and z is 0.01 to 10.