Abstract: Disclosed are new uses of lactic acid bacteria, in particular Lactobacillus plantarum, for protecting animals from pathogenic bacterial infection, specifically, methods for reducing the mortality rate of animals against infection of pathogenic bacteria, methods for reducing the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of the animals, as well as methods of increasing and/or stimulating immune system of the animal through the use of such lactic acid bacteria.

Abstract: A multiple channel memory controller includes: an application adaptor that transfers a command or data received from a host to the outside, and transfers a response associated with the transferred command or data to the host; a plurality of memory adaptors that are respectively connected one-to-one to a plurality of memory devices to form corresponding physical channels; and a virtual channel controller that is located between the application adaptor and the plurality of memory adaptors, and transfers the command or data to at least one physical channel allocated to the virtual channel.

Abstract: A lane detection and lane departure determining device and method are provided. The lane detection device includes a first Region of Interest (ROI) setting unit configured to set a rectangular ROI from an input image which is a road image, a second ROI setting unit configured to set a ?-ROI having distorted trapezoidal shape from the rectangular ROI, and a lane detection unit configured to detect the lane including a left and right lane marking in the ?-ROI. The second ROI setting unit is configured to calculate a merged first line segment through a merging process, obtains a left and right second line segment by scanning brightness, and determines the left and right second line segment as a temporary left and right lane marking when a preset condition is satisfied. The ?-ROI is determined by changing a slope of the temporary left and right lane marking in a predetermined range.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of and an apparatus for controlling a vibration of a hybrid electric vehicle. An apparatus for controlling a vibration of a hybrid electric vehicle disclosure may include: an engine position detector detecting a position of an engine; an air amount detector detecting an air amount flowing into the engine; an accelerator pedal position detector detecting a position of an accelerator pedal; a vehicle speed detector detecting a speed of the hybrid electric vehicle; and a controller controlling operation of a motor based on the engine position, the air amount, the position of the accelerator pedal, and the speed of the hybrid electric vehicle.

Abstract: A method for determining a connection state of an engine clutch includes: a stroke sensing operation of sensing, by a controller, a change of an actuator stroke of the engine clutch; a first pressure comparing operation of determining whether or not an actuator pressure of the engine clutch exceeds a first set pressure and is then changed to below the first set pressure when the actuator stroke is increased; a torque comparing operation of comparing transfer a torque of the engine clutch with a set torque when the actuator pressure exceeds the first set pressure and is then operated to below the first set pressure; and an open determining operation of determining that the engine clutch is in an open state when the transfer torque of the engine clutch is the set torque or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a shift control method for a hybrid electric vehicle including: controlling a speed of a vehicle driving source; simultaneously controlling a release element and a connection element in a transmission based on a rotation acceleration of a transmission output shaft when shifting by a power-on down shift.

Abstract: A 4 wheel drive vehicle removes sense of shift difference through an acceleration shift control mode, and the acceleration shift control mode transfers an independent other drive shaft input torque to a drive shaft not connected to a transmission with respect to a transmission input torque transferred to a drive shaft connected with the transmission, so that a vehicle acceleration in an actual shift section connecting between a fore-section and post-section of the shift can be maintained to be equal to the vehicle acceleration of the fore-section and post-section of the, thereby overcoming the transfer torque change, which is not overcome in a conventional slip control method, speed control method and time control method, when transferring a torque to the drive wheels in the actual shift section and realizing the shift quality without the sense of shift difference.

Abstract: A method for determining a connection state of an engine clutch includes: a stroke sensing operation of sensing, by a controller, a change of an actuator stroke of the engine clutch; a first pressure comparing operation of determining whether or not an actuator pressure of the engine clutch exceeds a first set pressure and is then changed to below the first set pressure when the actuator stroke is increased; a torque comparing operation of comparing transfer a torque of the engine clutch with a set torque when the actuator pressure exceeds the first set pressure and is then operated to below the first set pressure; and an open determining operation of determining that the engine clutch is in an open state when the transfer torque of the engine clutch is the set torque or less.

Abstract: A scan chain circuit includes first through N-th flip-flops connected in series to sequentially transfer data in response to a control signal, where N is an integer greater than 1. In the first through N-th flip-flops, the data are transferred in a first direction from the first flip-flop to the N-th flip-flop. The control signal is applied to the first through N-th flip-flops in a second direction opposite to the first direction from the N-th flip-flop to the first flip-flop.

Abstract: A shifting control method of a vehicle includes inhibiting, by a controller, a line pressure from being increased when the controller senses a power-off upshift condition of the vehicle, calculating, by the controller, a target speed of a motor after the inhibiting step, synchronizing, by the controller, the motor to the target speed after the calculating step, and increasing, by the controller, an oil pressure of an engagement side clutch of a transmission to complete shifting after the synchronizing step.

Abstract: A shifting control method of a vehicle includes inhibiting, by a controller, a line pressure from being increased when the controller senses a power-off upshift condition of the vehicle, calculating, by the controller, a target speed of a motor after the inhibiting step, synchronizing, by the controller, the motor to the target speed after the calculating step, and increasing, by the controller, an oil pressure of an engagement side clutch of a transmission to complete shifting after the synchronizing step.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a shift control of a vehicle are provided. The apparatus includes a road information obtaining unit that obtains road information of a road on which the vehicle is traveling and traffic information and a front vehicle detection unit that obtains front vehicle information including a speed of a front vehicle. A running state obtaining unit obtains an average running speed of the vehicle and determines whether the vehicle is traveling at a high constant speed based on the road information, the traffic information, and the average running speed. A shift controller adjusts a shift time of a transmission based on the front vehicle information when braking occurs during high constant speed traveling of the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a shift control of a vehicle are provided. The apparatus includes a road information obtaining unit that obtains road information of a road on which the vehicle is traveling and traffic information and a front vehicle detection unit that obtains front vehicle information including a speed of a front vehicle. A running state obtaining unit obtains an average running speed of the vehicle and determines whether the vehicle is traveling at a high constant speed based on the road information, the traffic information, and the average running speed. A shift controller adjusts a shift time of a transmission based on the front vehicle information when braking occurs during high constant speed traveling of the vehicle.

Abstract: A shift control method and system for a hybrid vehicle are provided to increase the recovery rate of regenerative energy, improve the fuel efficiency, and minimize the loss of the fuel efficiency upon reaccelerating after braking. The method include: acquiring in real-time information regarding a transmission input speed during driving and sensing a brake pedal operation. In addition, whether a road driving situation or a driver tendency corresponds to a skip shift allowable condition is detected when the brake pedal operation is sensed. A target shift stage to which a skip shift of two or more stages is performed is selected from a current shift stage based on the transmission input speed in real-time, when the road driving situation or the driver tendency corresponds to the skip shift allowable condition. Then a transmission is operated to shift to the selected target shift stage.

Abstract: A method of verifying a layout of a mask read only memory (ROM) includes: receiving source ROM code, bitmap data, and layout design data of the mask ROM; generating coordinate data of a bit determining unit based on the layout design data; and determining an error cell based on the coordinate data of the bit determining unit, the bitmap data, and the source ROM code.

Abstract: Proposed is a warning system which includes: a warning device; a display device; an IC CPU for controlling the operation of the display device and the warning device; and a master ECU for, connected to the IC CPU through a communication channel and connected to one or more warning devices through a hardware channel, controlling the operation of the warning device through the IC CPU. The master ECU includes an error detection module to monitor regularly the data validity of the communication channel, the warning device and the response of the IC CPU, and an on/off module to operate the warning device. When the error detection module detects an error in the data validity of the communication channel, the warning device and the response of the IC CPU, the master ECU controls the on/off module to operate directly the warning device using the hardware channel.

Abstract: A metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor device includes a first active area, a first gate electrode configured to cross the first active area and extend in a Y direction, and define a first source area and a first drain area, first gate contacts disposed on the first gate electrode to align on a first virtual gate passing line extending in the Y direction, first source contacts disposed on the first source area to align on a first virtual source passing line extending in the Y direction, and first drain contacts disposed on the first drain area to align on a first virtual drain passing line extending in the Y direction, wherein at least one of the first drain contacts is disposed to align on any one of first virtual X-straight lines configured to pass between the first source contacts and extend parallel in an X direction perpendicular to the Y direction.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor chip and a semiconductor package capable of obtaining stability and reliability through a connection structure using a through-silicon-via (TSV). The semiconductor chip includes a semiconductor substrate and a through-silicon-via (TSV) structure penetrating through the semiconductor substrate. A connection pad includes a foundation base disposed on a lower surface of the semiconductor substrate and connected to the TSV structure. A protruding portion protrudes from the foundation base and extend to an inside of a first groove formed in a lower surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip is disclosed that includes a chip pad disposed in a first region of a chip body, a redistribution wiring test pad disposed in the first region of the chip body spaced apart from the chip pad and connected to the chip pad through a redistribution wiring structure, and a redistribution wiring connection pad disposed in the first region of the chip body or a second region of the chip body and connected to the chip pad through the redistribution wiring structure.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device is provided as follows. A connection terminal is disposed on a first surface of a semiconductor structure. A conductive pad is disposed on a second surface, opposite to the first surface, of the semiconductor structure. A through-substrate-via (TSV) structure penetrates through the semiconductor structure. An end portion of the TSV structure extends beyond the second surface of the semiconductor structure. The conductive pad surrounds the end portion of the TSV structure.