Abstract: An energy storage system that comprises an energy reservoir and a system controller. The energy reservoir is charged by DC energy from a DC energy source while discharging DC energy to a DC/AC converter. A system controller regulates the DC energy discharged from the energy reservoir to the DC/AC converter to nearly balance the amount of DC energy charged into the energy reservoir. Because this charging and discharging is nearly balanced, the size of the energy reservoir can be made quite small relative to the amount of charging and discharging. This is advantageous where the flow of charge and discharge is high, as might be the case if the energy reservoir receives charge from all or a substantial portion of a power station, such as a solar power station. With such a controller, the use of an energy reservoir becomes technically feasible even with such large current flows.

Abstract: Design solutions to mitigate the following four fatal flaws in the conventional pump system design; namely, (1) surprise pump-failure in single pump designs that can result in costly water damage; (2) the threat of fatal high voltage electrocution due to flooding; (3) grid power outage and no energy supply to support the needed pumping power that results in water damage; (4) foil odor from the standing water in the well after a period of low seeping rate with or without activated pumping. The principles described herein can completely mitigate the above four fatal design issues.

Abstract: Design solutions to mitigate the following four fatal flaws in the conventional pump system design; namely, (1) surprise pump-failure in single pump designs that can result in costly water damage; (2) the threat of fatal high voltage electrocution due to flooding; (3) grid power outage and no energy supply to support the needed pumping power that results in water damage; (4) foil odor from the standing water in the well after a period of low seeping rate with or without activated pumping. The principles described herein can completely mitigate the above four fatal design issues.

Abstract: When one operates an energy system at its maximum energy utilization point (MEUP) consistently, one can receive the most amount of energy benefit from the system. The practical MEUP tracking technologies operate a generator at a voltage for maximum power extraction and to produce near-maximum power; incorporate the invented surplus energy extraction devices to near-perfectly extract all power generated; temporarily store the surplus energy into designed energy reservoirs; add the invented supply devices to combined the energy from the extractor and from the reservoirs; prepare and deliver the right amount of power to exactly satisfy the instantaneous demand. Thus effectuates finding and tracking the MEUP of the energy system.

Abstract: An energy storage system that comprises an energy reservoir and a system controller. The energy reservoir is charged by DC energy from a DC energy source while discharging DC energy to a DC/AC converter. A system controller regulates the DC energy discharged from the energy reservoir to the DC/AC converter to nearly balance the amount of DC energy charged into the energy reservoir. Because this charging and discharging is nearly balanced, the size of the energy reservoir can be made quite small relative to the amount of charging and discharging. This is advantageous where the flow of charge and discharge is high, as might be the case if the energy reservoir receives charge from all or a substantial portion of a power station, such as a solar power station. With such a controller, the use of an energy reservoir becomes technically feasible even with such large current flows.

Abstract: Design solutions to mitigate the following four fatal flaws in the conventional pump system design; namely, (1) surprised pump-failure in single pump design that can result in costly water damage; (2) the threat of fatal high voltage electrocution accident in flooding situation; (3) grid power outage and no energy supply to support the needed pumping power that result in water damage; (4) stinky smell from the sitting foil water in the well after a period of low seeping rate with or without activated pumping. The principles described in the content disclosure, the proposed designs can completely mitigate the above four fatal design issues.

Abstract: When one operates an energy system at its maximum energy utilization point (MEUP) consistently, one can receive the most amount of energy benefit from the system. The practical MEUP tracking technologies operate a generator at a voltage for maximum power extraction and to produce near-maximum power; incorporate the invented surplus energy extraction devices to near-perfectly extract all power generated; temporarily store the surplus energy into designed energy reservoirs; add the invented supply devices to combined the energy from the extractor and from the reservoirs; prepare and deliver the right amount of power to exactly satisfy the instantaneous demand. Thus effectuates finding and tracking the MEUP of the energy system.

Abstract: When one operates an energy system at its maximum energy utilization point (MEUP) all the time, one can receive the most amount of energy benefit from the system. The practical MEUP tracking technologies operate generator at a voltage for maximum power extraction and also to produce near-maximum power; incorporate the invented energy extraction devices to near-perfectly extract all power generated; temporary store the surplus energy into designed energy reservoirs; add the invented devices to combined the energy from the extractor and from the reservoirs; prepare and deliver the right amount of power to exactly satisfy the instantaneous demand at all time. Thus effectuates finding and tracking the MEUP of the energy system.

Abstract: An LED lamp having an operating voltage range within which if the supply voltage is provided within the operating voltage range, the LED lamp produces light in a designed light range, and which has reduced sensitization to ripples. The LED lamp includes a network of passive elements that are structured such that the I-V characteristic curve has a plateau region within the operating voltage range. For instance, a maximum slope of an I-V characteristic curve of the network is shallower within the operating voltage range than the maximum slope of an I-V characteristic curve of the network below the operating voltage range.

Abstract: A demand-side dimmable LED lamp operable on a direct current power source that powers a lighting subsystem. The dimming unit selects a power consumption level of the lighting system. Such selection changes the efficacy of the lighting subsystem such that a reduction in power consumption actually results in improved efficacy. The selecting might, for example, select a particular passive network that includes LEDs within the lighting subsystem. Each passive network may have different I-V characteristics, and result in different L-P characteristics, thereby effecting the improved efficacy at lower powers.

Abstract: An isolated mid-sized centralized photovoltaic solar station that includes a solar panel subsystem that converts photon energy into electricity, and a battery subsystem an energy reservoir to store electrical energy generated by the solar panel subsystem. A control unit regulates the output of energy from the solar panel system onto a low voltage electrical system that provides electrical power to electricity consuming devices or systems. The electrical system may operate at less than 50 volts thereby make the protection system less expensive. Furthermore, some of the batteries in the station may be mobile, so that they can be transported and used external to the station.

Abstract: An LED lamp having an operating voltage range within which if the supply voltage is provided within the operating voltage range, the LED lamp produces light in a designed light range, and which has reduced sensitization to ripples. The LED lamp includes a network of passive elements that are structured such that the I-V characteristic curve has a plateau region within the operating voltage range. For instance, a maximum slope of an I-V characteristic curve of the network is shallower within the operating voltage range than the maximum slope of an I-V characteristic curve of the network below the operating voltage range.

Abstract: A device is designed for channeling electricity to a lamp, and adjusts downwards the amount of power channeled to the lamp as a function of available electrical energy in the source. In so doing, a reduction in the available energy in the source causes a less proportionate reduction in luminosity of the lamp. This might be accomplished by passing the electricity through a passive network of resistors and diodes on its way down to the lamp. In one example, the electrical energy source may be a battery that is powered by one or more solar panels. In that case, the device may also perform the function of protecting the battery from being overly charged. It channels downwards a greater daily lamp's energy consumption than that of daily electrical charging from the solar panels, when the available battery energy is near its full capacity.

Abstract: A device is designed for channeling electricity to a lamp, and adjusts downwards the amount of power channeled to the lamp as a function of available electrical energy in the source. In so doing, a reduction in the available energy in the source causes a less proportionate reduction in luminosity of the lamp. This might be accomplished by passing the electricity through a passive network of resistors and diodes on its way down to the lamp. In one example, the electrical energy source may be a battery that is powered by one or more solar panels. In that case, the device may also perform the function of protecting the battery from being overly charged. It channels downwards a greater daily lamp's energy consumption than that of daily electrical charging from the solar panels, when the available battery energy is near its full capacity.