Abstract: A circuit regulator is used to generate a pulse-width-modulation signal, so as to control a power to be selectively input or not input to a primary side of a switching power supply. The circuit regulator includes a synchronous timing pulse generation circuit, outputs a starting pulse after performing signal process of time delay, timing pulse regulation, and synchronization control on a pulse-width-modulation signal and a discharging time signal of a secondary side, and accordingly effectively controls a pulse starting time of the pulse-width-modulation signal. Therefore, the synchronous timing pulse generation circuit can be applied to the circuit regulator, so as to further effectively prevent an inductor current of the switching power supply from entering a Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to microwave filter air purification systems, methods of using the microwave filter air purification systems, microwave absorbing filter packs, methods of degrading a contaminant, and the like.

Abstract: A scan-flip flop circuit includes an input stage for providing a data signal to a data node, wherein the input stage includes first and second stacks of transistors devices coupled to the data node. The first stack receives a data input signal during a normal operation mode for input to the data node, and the second stack receiving a scan input signal during a scan test mode for input to the data node. The scan flip-flop circuit also includes a master latch coupled directly to the data node for latching the data signal from the input stage and outputting the data signal; a slave latch coupled to an output of the master latch for latching the output from the master latch and outputting the output; and a scan and clock control logic module. The scan and clock control logic module controls the first stack to input the data input signal to the data node during normal operation mode.

Abstract: An auto-selecting holding current circuit is applicable to a converter. A primary side of the converter has a Triode for Alternating Current (TRIAC) and a bleeder circuit. The auto-selecting holding current circuit includes a first sensor module, a second sensor module and a reference voltage selecting circuit. The first sensor module detects an input current drop time or an input voltage drop time to output a sense signal. The second sensor module receives a current detector signal and outputs a critical current signal to detect a holding-current value range of the TRIAC. The reference voltage selecting circuit outputs a reference current signal to the bleeder circuit, and the reference current signal corresponds to a holding-current value of the TRIAC. Therefore, the bleeder circuit maintains normal operation of the TRIACs with different holding-current values.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide bioaerosol detection systems and methods for detecting bioaerosols. In one embodiment, the bioaerosol detection system can include a humidifier to increase the humidity of a continuously flowing sample volume of a bioaerosol sample using a biologically compatible liquid medium, and an amplifier to deposit vapor on the bioaerosol sample for a particle size amplification process. Bioaerosol(s) can thus be detected and sampled while simultaneously maintaining their viability. The disclosed bioaerosol detection systems and the methods can provide high efficiency for sampling and detecting ultrafine bioaerosol(s) such as viruses and proteins, which can be smaller than 0.3 ?m in diameter and can be as small as 20 nm.

Abstract: In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to infrared (IR) filter systems, methods of using the IR filter systems, and methods of degrading a contaminant, and the like.

Abstract: An adaptive bleeder circuit is applicable to a power converter, in which the power converter has a transformer primary side and a transformer secondary side, and the power converter enables input power to be selectively input or not input to the transformer primary side through a pulse-width-modulated signal. The adaptive bleeder circuit includes a switched bleeder circuit, and the bleeder circuit switch dynamically adjusts a turn on/off ratio (or referred to as duty ratio) of the switch element according to the TRIAC holding current and the converter input current of an alternating current (AC) TRIAC. When the input current is less than the holding current, the bleeder circuit increases conduction time ratio of the pulse-width-modulated signal, such that the input current recovers to the holding current to maintain normal conduction of the AC TRIAC.

Abstract: A circuit regulator is used to generate a pulse-width-modulation signal, so as to control a power to be selectively input or not input to a primary side of a switching power supply. The circuit regulator includes a synchronous timing pulse generation circuit, outputs a starting pulse after performing signal process of time delay, timing pulse regulation, and synchronization control on a pulse-width-modulation signal and a discharging time signal of a secondary side, and accordingly effectively controls a pulse starting time of the pulse-width-modulation signal. Therefore, the synchronous timing pulse generation circuit can be applied to the circuit regulator, so as to further effectively prevent an inductor current of the switching power supply from entering a Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM).

Abstract: A power supply architecture for a structural application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is provided. The power supply architecture includes a first conductor and a second conductor. The first conductor is coupled to a fixed voltage. The first conductor at least passes through two edges of a cell. The first conductor and the second conductor are connected through a contact. The second conductor at most passes through one edge of the cell. The structural ASIC includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer includes the first conductor. The second metal layer includes the second conductor.

Abstract: A control circuit of a driving circuit for controlling a light emitting diode (LED) light source having a plurality of areas is provided. The control circuit includes the error amplifiers receiving a feed back current signal and a external reference voltage, and generating an error signal; a buffer register receiving a serial digital signal and generating the parallel digital signals; a work register receiving the parallel digital signals and a trigger signal, and outputting the parallel digital signals when the trigger signal is at a relatively high level; and a switch module having the power switches, each of which receives the error signal and the parallel digital signal for generating a driving signal to control a driving current of a specific area of the light source, in order to control the brightness in each area of the LED light source.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide bioaerosol detection systems and methods for detecting bioaerosols. In one embodiment, the bioaerosol detection system can include a humidifier to increase the humidity of a continuously flowing sample volume of a bioaerosol sample using a biologically compatible liquid medium, and an amplifier to deposit vapor on the bioaerosol sample for a particle size amplification process. Bioaerosol(s) can thus be detected and sampled while simultaneously maintaining their viability. The disclosed bioaerosol detection systems and the methods can provide high efficiency for sampling and detecting ultrafine bioaerosol(s) such as viruses and proteins, which can be smaller than 0.3 ?m in diameter and can be as small as 20 nm.

Abstract: A method for removing mercury from a fluid stream includes the steps of providing a porous composite material comprising a substrate and a plurality of catalyst and/or photocatalyst particles, and contacting substrate with a fluid stream. The porous composite material adsorbs and/or then oxidizes or reduces metallic species including elemental mercury. A fossil fuel fired power plant can include an emission control device comprising the porous composite material to filter flue gas to and thereby minimize mercury emissions into the environment.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention there are devices and processes for making ceramic nanofiber mats and ceramic filters for use in high temperature and in corrosive environments. The process for forming a ceramic filter can include electrospinning a preceramic polymer solution into a preceramic polymer fiber having a diameter from about 10 nm to about 1 micron and forming a preceramic polymer fiber web from the preceramic polymer fiber onto a collector. The process can also include pyrolyzing the preceramic polymer fiber web to form a ceramic nanofiber mat having a diameter less than the diameter of the preceramic polymer fiber, the ceramic nanofiber mat comprising one or more of an oxide ceramic and a non-oxide ceramic such that the ceramic fiber mat can withstand temperature greater than about 1000° C.

Abstract: A power supply architecture for a structural application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is provided. The power supply architecture includes a first conductor and a second conductor. The first conductor is coupled to a fixed voltage. The first conductor at least passes through two edges of a cell. The first conductor and the second conductor are connected through a contact. The second conductor at most passes through one edge of the cell. The structural ASIC includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer includes the first conductor. The second metal layer includes the second conductor.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a ball mill for working generally spherically shaped target particles into a flake-shaped end product is provided. The ball mill includes a milling tube, one or more milling balls disposed within the milling tube, and a vibration source that is positioned and adapted to move the milling tube such that its central axis follows along a substantially circular path. The continuously changing direction of the acceleration of the milling tube results in each of the milling balls following a respective, substantially orbital path about the milling tube's central axis. As the milling balls follow the respective, orbital paths, the milling balls come into contact with and transform the target particles into flakes. In a further embodiment, the ball mill may further include a virtual particle separator configured to route intermediate particles back to an inlet portion of the milling tube for additional processing time.

Abstract: A control circuit of a driving circuit for controlling a light emitting diode (LED) light source having a plurality of areas is provided. The control circuit includes the error amplifiers receiving a feed back current signal and a external reference voltage, and generating an error signal; a buffer register receiving a serial digital signal and generating the parallel digital signals; a work register receiving the parallel digital signals and a trigger signal, and outputting the parallel digital signals when the trigger signal is at a relatively high level; and a switch module having the power switches, each of which receives the error signal and the parallel digital signal for generating a driving signal to control a driving current of a specific area of the light source, in order to control the brightness in each area of the LED light source.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a structured ASIC layout architecture, which includes a fixed body region and a programmable layout region. The fixed body region includes a tunnel wire or multiple tunnel wires for providing a function capability or multiple function capability. The programmable layout region is disposed on the fixed body region and is connected to the fixed body region, wherein the programmable layout region utilizes the tunnel wires of the fixed body region to propagate electrical signals.

Abstract: A ripple-free drive circuit for LED backlights of an LCD panel includes a PFC circuit, a DC/DC converter, three output load units, and a drive voltage resetter. The PFC circuit is connected with the mains power for outputting DC power. The DC/DC converter is connected with the PFC circuit. The three output load units are connected with the DC/DC converter for outputting red, green, and blue lights respectively, each having an electrically-controlled switch. The drive voltage resetter is connected with the DC/DC converter and the three output load units for preventing the three output load units from generation of surge current in a moment of electric conduction. In light of this, the ripple-free drive circuit is qualified as the drive power source of the LED backlights and can effectively isolate the surge current to prevent the surge current from entry into the output load units.

Abstract: A method for removing mercury from a fluid stream includes the steps of providing a porous composite material comprising a substrate and a plurality of catalyst and/or photocatalyst particles, and contacting substrate with a fluid stream. The porous composite material adsorbs and/or then oxidizes or reduces metallic species including elemental mercury. A fossil fuel fired power plant can include an emission control device comprising the porous composite material to filter flue gas emissions into the environment.

Abstract: Systems are provided for revitalizing air and cleaning or purifying an enclosed area such as a building or vehicle interior that includes introducing a cleansing gaseous material into the area and treating the area with one or more photocatalysts. Systems of the invention can provide effective removal or degradation of both microorganisms and gaseous chemical pollutants.