Abstract: This is a voice activated Hypermedia system using grammatical metadata, the system comprising: a speech user agent; a browsing module; and an information resource. The system may include: embedded intelligence in hypermedia source; a means for processing the actions of a user based on the embedded intelligence; a means for returning a result of the actions to the user. In addition, the hypermedia source maybe a HTML page or an instructional module for communicating allowed actions by a user. The system may also include embedded intelligence as a grammar or reference to a grammar. The grammar may be dynamically added to a speech recognizer. In addition, the actions can come from a speech recognizer. Furthermore, the system may include voice activated hypermedia links and intelligent modules that process information from the information resources for allowing actions from the user. Other devices, systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus used to officiate sporting events in which the positioning of the ball on the field by the officials is critical to the play. The apparatus employs a laser beam which is directed by the official parallel to the field of play at a height below the width of the ball. In use, a first official directs the laser beam across the field to a second official who uses the laser beam illumination to properly “spot” the ball. In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus is mounted onto the shoe of the official; in another, the apparatus is placed on an edge marker.

Abstract: An apparatus used to officiate sporting events in which the positioning of the ball on the field by the officials is critical to the play. The apparatus employs a laser beam which is directed by the official parallel to the field of play at a height below the width of the ball. In use, a first official directs the laser beam across the field to a second official who uses the laser beam illumination to properly “spot” the ball. In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus is mounted onto the shoe of the official; in another, the apparatus is placed on an edge marker.