Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group I base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group I base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group I bright stock formed by solvent processing. Additionally, the resulting Group I base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Disclosed are Group III base stocks comprising at least 30 wt % naphthenes, a viscosity index from 120 to 145; and a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN). A method for preparing the base stocks is also disclosed. Also disclosed is a lubricating oil having the base stock as a major component, and an additive as a minor component.

Abstract: Disclosed are Group III base stocks comprising greater than or equal to about 90 wt. % saturated hydrocarbons (saturates); a viscosity index from 120 to 145; a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN); a unique ratio of branched carbons to straight chain carbons (BC/SC); a unique ratio of branched carbons to terminal carbons (BC/TC); and unique MRV behavior as a function of base stock naphthene ratio (2R+N/1RN). A method for preparing the base stocks is also disclosed. Also disclosed is a lubricating oil having the base stock as a major component, and an additive as a minor component.

Abstract: Disclosed are lubricant compositions with improved oxidation stability which are prepared with Group III base stocks comprising greater than or equal to about 90 wt. % saturated hydrocarbons (saturates); a viscosity index from 120 to 145; a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN); a unique ratio of branched carbons to straight chain (BC/SC) carbons; and a unique ratio of branched carbons to terminal chain (BC/TC) carbons.

Abstract: Disclosed are lubricant compositions prepared with Group III base stocks comprising greater than or equal to about 90 wt. % saturated hydrocarbons (saturates); a viscosity index from 120 to 145; a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN); and a unique ratio of branched carbons to straight chain (BC/SC) carbons; a unique ratio of branched carbons to terminal carbons (BC/TC); and unique MRV behavior as a function of base stock naphthene ratio (2R+N/1RN).

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group I base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group I base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group I bright stock formed by solvent processing. Additionally, the resulting Group I base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group II base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group II base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group II base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group II base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group III base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group III base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group III base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group III base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: A wax composition can be incorporated into a biomass mixture, such as a woody biomass mixture, for formation of pellets, such as wood fuel pellets. The addition of wax compositions with suitable amounts of n-paraffins relative to the amount of oil-in-wax can result in biomass pellets with improved properties, such as improved durability and/or reduced tendency to uptake moisture during storage. Addition of a suitable wax composition can also allow for formation of biomass pellets with improved properties while also reducing or minimizing the power requirements during pellet formation.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition that includes a highly paraffinic base oil, a controlled release friction modifier (CRFM) and an effective amount of detergent. The CRFM includes an ionic tetrahedral borate compound comprising a cation and a tetrahedral borate anion which includes a boron atom, the boron atom having two bidentate di-oxo ligands of C18 tartrimide. The CRFM is a high stabilizer CRFM. The detergent includes a mixed magnesium and calcium detergent system having a calcium to magnesium ratio of less than 2:1.

Abstract: A lubricant composition includes a controlled release friction modifier (CRFM), a highly paraffinic base stock, a dispersant and a detergent. The CRFM includes an ionic tetrahedral borate compound including a cation and a tetrahedral borate anion, wherein the tetrahedral borate anion comprises a boron atom having two bidentate di-oxo ligands of C18 tartrimide. The lubricant composition can also include at least one of a Group V co-base stock, an inorganic friction modifier, a viscosity modifier, and a cleanliness booster.

Abstract: A lubricant composition includes a lubricating base oil, a controlled release friction modifier, a dispersant, a viscosity modifier and a cleanliness booster. The controlled release friction modifier is an ashless, dispersant-stabilized, borated controlled release friction modifier including an ionic tetrahedral borate compound including a cation and a tetrahedral borate anion, wherein the tetrahedral borate anion includes a boron atom having two bidentate di-oxo ligands of C18 tartrimide.

Abstract: A lubricant base oil is provided. The lubricant base oil has a low temperature property determined using a stepwise regression of carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy peak values. A method of selecting candidate lubricant base oils, or mixtures thereof, having acceptable low temperature performance is also provided. An online method of blending a lubricant base oil and a finished lubricant are also provided.

Abstract: Methods are provided for designing a blending component for making a plurality of lubricant products that contain the designed blending component. This can be accomplished by first determining a plurality of manufacturability index values for each desired lubricant product for a family of proposed blending components. The manufacturing index values can then be used to construct a manufacturability window for each lubricant product. The manufacturability windows for each lubricant product can then be analyzed to determine regions of overlap, if any, where a proposed blending component can be used with an increased likelihood to formulate each of the desired products. Alternatively, manufacturability windows can be used to determine suitability of pre-existing blending components for formulation of desired products.

Abstract: A base stock having at least 90 wt. % saturates, an amount and distribution of aromatics, as determined by ultra violet (UV) spectroscopy, including an absorptivity between 280 and 320 nm of less than 0.015 l/gm-cm, a viscosity index (VI) from 80 to 120, and having a cycloparaffin performance ratio greater than 1.05 and a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. between 4 and 6 cSt. A base stock having at least 90 wt. % saturates, an amount and distribution of aromatics, as determined by UV spectroscopy, including an absorptivity between 280 and 320 nm of less than 0.020 l/gm-cm, a viscosity index (VI) from 80 to 120, and having a cycloparaffin performance ratio greater than 1.05 and a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. between 10 and 14 cSt. A lubricating oil having the base stock as a major component, and one or more additives as a minor component. Methods for improving oxidation performance and low temperature performance of formulated lubricant compositions through the compositionally advantaged base stock.

Abstract: A method of screening a hydrocarbon stream for potential toxicological hazards. The method involves providing a hydrocarbon stream; conducting 2-dimensional gas chromatography (2D-GC) analysis to quantify saturates and aromatic distribution in the hydrocarbon stream; identifying 2-8 ring aromatic distribution and weight percentage of 2-8 ring aromatic molecules in the hydrocarbon stream from the 2D-GC analysis; relating the weight percentage of 2-8 ring aromatic molecules in the hydrocarbon stream from the 2D-GC analysis to a mutagenicity index (MI), in which the MI is determined in accordance with ASTM Standard Method E 1687; and assessing a potential toxicological hazard of the hydrocarbon stream based on the weight percentage of 2-8 ring aromatic molecules in the hydrocarbon stream from the 2D-GC analysis and a MI threshold value. The 2-8 ring aromatic distribution preferably includes 3-6 ring aromatics, more preferably 3.5-5.5 ring aromatics.

Abstract: Methods are provided for forming lubricant base stocks from feeds such as vacuum resid or other 510° C.+ feeds. A feed can be deasphalted and then catalytically and/or solvent processed to form lubricant base stocks, including bright stocks. The catalytic processing can correspond to processing in at least two stages. The amount of conversion performed in each stage can be varied to produce bright stocks with various properties.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group III base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group III base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group III base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group III base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group I base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group I base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group I bright stock formed by solvent processing. Additionally, the resulting Group I base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group II base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group II base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group II base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group II base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.