Abstract: A battery pack connection scheme is shown that provides an optimum DC environment for every cell in the pack, such that every cell in the same or similar voltage level in the pack sees exactly the same voltage and current environment. In some examples, a portable pack is provided having a positive load connection terminal and multiple batteries connected in parallel to the terminal. Connections are made with segments preferably have matching impedances, or have matching DC resistances, creating a uniform DC environment. Portable pack designs are provided including chargers and inverters connected in the uniform DC environment.

Abstract: A battery pack connection scheme is shown that provides an optimum DC environment for every cell in the pack, such that every cell in the same or similar voltage level in the pack sees exactly the same voltage and current environment. In some examples, a portable pack is provided having a positive load connection terminal and multiple batteries connected in parallel to the terminal. Connections are made with segments preferably have matching impedances, or have matching DC resistances, creating a uniform DC environment. Portable pack designs are provided including chargers and inverters connected in the uniform DC environment.

Abstract: A method of institutionalizing technical expertise in the machine tool sector of an economy. A distributor of tooling technology enters into an agreement or arrangement with a customer which utilizes tooling technology in business operations, wherein the distributor provides expertise in exchange for which the customer satisfies tooling technology needs by purchasing from the distributor. The distributor surveys machining procedures used by the customer and improves the procedures, which are than put into practice during actual commercial operations of the customer. The improved procedures are evaluated to verify actual savings accruing from the improvements. The distributor establishes a sales force for conducting sales functions, a technical group for improving machining procedures, and an implementation specialist for managing inventory control at the customer premises. The sales force is freed from performing sales support activities outside of its area of expertise.