Abstract: One aspect of the invention is a method for restricting access to one or more email attachments includes receiving an email addressed to a first recipient and including at least a first attachment. The email is processed to determine whether a valid authorization code is associated with the email (and/or the attachment(s)). The valid authorization code identifies the email (and/or the attachment(s)) as an authorized communication. Access by the recipient to the first attachment is prevented if the processing of the email determined that no valid authorization code is associated with the email (and/or the attachment(s)).

Abstract: One aspect of the invention is a method for restricting access to one or more email attachments includes receiving an email addressed to a first recipient and including at least a first attachment. The email is processed to determine whether a valid authorization code is associated with the email (and/or the attachment(s)). The valid authorization code identifies the email (and/or the attachment(s)) as an authorized communication. Access by the recipient to the first attachment is prevented if the processing of the email determined that no valid authorization code is associated with the email (and/or the attachment(s)).

Abstract: One aspect of the invention is a method for restricting access to one or more email attachments includes receiving an email addressed to a first recipient and including at least a first attachment. The email is processed to determine whether a valid authorization code is associated with the email (and/or the attachment (s)). The valid authorization code identifies the email (and/or the attachment(s)) as an authorized communication. Access by the recipient to the first attachment is prevented if the processing of the email determined that no valid authorization code is associated with the email (and/or the attachment(s)).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring physical parameters, such as mass, and spring and damping constants, of a bone region of a human subject. The bone region is excited by a vibratory probe in a frequency range between about 70-1,600 Hertz, and the mechanical response of the tissue to the vibratory excitation is measured and converted to frequency-dependent force/displacement data. By correlating the force/displacement values determined from the force/displacement data with the behavior of a linear mechanical system having coupled bone and skin mass, the physical parameters which are contained in the equation of motion can be calculated.