Abstract: There is provided a multilayer composite comprising at least one carbon layer having a plurality of cracks along a first directional axis, said cracks being spaced apart from each other in a periodic manner along a second directional axis, wherein said second directional axis is substantially perpendicular to said first directional axis in the same plane; and a ferroelectric polymer layer. There is also provided a method of producing a multilayer composite. There is further provided a bandage or biosensing device comprising the multilayer composite.

Abstract: A method of protecting a magnetic layer of a magnetic recording medium is provided to reduce the thickness of the magnetic spacing while improving corrosion resistance and tribological performance of the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A seed layer for inducing nucleation to form a layer of material is described. In an embodiment, the seed layer comprising a layer of two-dimensional monolayer amorphous material having a disordered atomic structure adapted to create localised electronic states to form electric potential wells for bonding adatoms to a surface of the seed layer via van der Waals interaction to form the layer of material, wherein each of the electric potential wells has a potential energy larger in magnitude than surrounding thermal energy to capture adatoms on the surface of the seed layer. Embodiments in relation to a method for forming the seed layer, a heterostructure comprising the seed layer, a method for forming the heterostructure comprising the seed layer, a device comprising the heterostructure and a method of enhancing vdW interaction between adatoms and a surface of the seed layer are also described.

Abstract: Various embodiments may relate to an electrode. The electrode may include an electrode core including an electrode active material. The electrode may also include one or more monolayer amorphous films. Each of the one or more monolayer amorphous films may be a continuous layer surrounding the electrode core.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to an electronic device including a substrate comprising a semiconductor or polymeric inhibit and a barrier comprising one or more monolayer amorphous films over the substrate, wherein the barrier is configured to or reduce permeation of moisture or gas from environment to the substrate. Various embodiments relate to an electronic device comprising a first device structure including an electrically conductive material, a second device structure including a further electrically conductive material or a semiconductor material, and a barrier including one or more monolayer amorphous films between the first device structure and the second device structure, wherein the barrier is configured to inhibit or reduce interdiffusion between the first device structure and the second device structure.

Abstract: Described is a composite material composed of an atomically thin (single layer) amorphous carbon disposed on top of a substrate (metal, glass, oxides) and methods of growing and differentiating stem cells.

Abstract: Described is a fuel cell comprising an electrode catalyst assembly, and a two-dimensional (2D) amorphous carbon, wherein the 2D amorphous carbon has a crystallinity (C)?0.8.

Abstract: A recording device comprising an overcoat layer, wherein the overcoat layer comprises an amorphous carbon overcoat layer having a crystallinity (C)?0.8.

Abstract: Described is a composite material composed of an atomically thin (single layer) amorphous carbon disposed on top of a substrate (metal, glass, oxides) and methods of growing and differentiating stem cells.

Abstract: A method of making an ordered graphene structure includes exposing a substrate to a laser beam to locally melt a portion of the substrate, exposing the substrate to a laser beam in the presence of a carbon source, to form a nucleation site for a graphene crystal, and either a) moving either the substrate or the laser beam relative to the other, or b) decreasing the laser beam power, in order to increase the size of the graphene crystal, thereby forming an ordered graphene structure. The ordered structure can be a plurality of columns, hexagons, or quadrilaterals. Each ordered structure can have a single crystal of graphene. A polymer coating can be formed on the ordered graphene structure to form a coated graphene structure.

Abstract: A method of making graphene includes providing a seed gas in the presence of a metallic substrate, providing a pulsed, ultraviolet laser beam, and moving the substrate or the laser beam relative to the other, thereby advancing a graphene crystallization front and forming an ordered graphene structure. In some instances, the substrate can have a surface with two-fold atomic symmetry. A method of recrystallizing graphene includes providing a pulsed, ultraviolet laser beam to a polycrystalline graphene sheet.

Abstract: In accordance with a version of the invention, graphene with a ferroelectric material is used as the transparent electrode material in an electrochromic device. The use of curved and dynamically flexing substrates enables flexible and stretchable applications for electrochromic films. Furthermore, the nonreactive and impermeable nature of graphene increases the durability of the device through increased resistance to external impurities. In addition, the incorporation of ferroelectric materials allows the device to exhibit nonvolatile usage; that is, devices can remain transparent with no external power source. Furthermore, devices may exhibit a charging effect, permitting recovery of energy stored in alignment of ferroelectric dipoles within the ferroelectric material.

Abstract: A recording device comprising an overcoat layer, wherein the overcoat layer comprises an amorphous carbon overcoat layer having a crystallinity (C)?0.8.

Abstract: Described is a fuel cell comprising an electrode catalyst assembly, and a two-dimensional (2D) amorphous carbon, wherein the 2D amorphous carbon has a crystallinity (C)?0.8.

Abstract: Described is a composite material composed of an atomically thin (single layer) amorphous carbon disposed on top of a substrate (metal, glass, oxides) and methods of growing and differentiating stem cells.

Abstract: A method of protecting a magnetic layer of a magnetic recording medium is provided to reduce the thickness of the magnetic spacing while improving corrosion resistance and tribological performance of the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A method of making graphene includes providing a seed gas in the presence of a metallic substrate, providing a pulsed, ultraviolet laser beam, and moving the substrate or the laser beam relative to the other, thereby advancing a graphene crystallization front and forming an ordered graphene structure. In some instances, the substrate can have a surface with two-fold atomic symmetry. A method of recrystallizing graphene includes providing a pulsed, ultraviolet laser beam to a polycrystalline graphene sheet.

Abstract: In accordance with a version of the invention, graphene with a ferroelectric material is used as the transparent electrode material in an electrochromic device. The use of curved and dynamically flexing substrates enables flexible and stretchable applications for electrochromic films. Furthermore, the nonreactive and impermeable nature of graphene increases the durability of the device through increased resistance to external impurities. In addition, the incorporation of ferroelectric materials allows the device to exhibit nonvolatile usage; that is, devices can remain transparent with no external power source. Furthermore, devices may exhibit a charging effect, permitting recovery of energy stored in alignment of ferroelectric dipoles within the ferroelectric material.

Abstract: A method of making an ordered graphene structure includes exposing a substrate to a laser beam to locally melt a portion of the substrate, exposing the substrate to a laser beam in the presence of a carbon source, to form a nucleation site for a graphene crystal, and either a) moving either the substrate or the laser beam relative to the other, or b) decreasing the laser beam power, in order to increase the size of the graphene crystal, thereby forming an ordered graphene structure. The ordered structure can be a plurality of columns, hexagons, or quadrilaterals. Each ordered structure can have a single crystal of graphene. A polymer coating can be formed on the ordered graphene structure to form a coated graphene structure.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell (10) is disclosed that includes an active layer (20) sandwiched by top and bottom graphene-ferroelectric electrodes (30T, 30B) each having a graphene layer (32) and a polarized ferroelectric layer (34). The polarized ferroelectric layer defines an internal electric field (EI). Light (50) irradiates the active layer through the top graphene-ferroelectric electrode, causing the generation in the active layer of electrons (e) and holes (h) as charge carriers. The internal electric field causes the electrons and holes to move towards opposite electrodes, giving rise to a photocurrent (ipc), while also mitigating undesirable charge-carrier recombination.