Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing glufosinate, and specifically a method of preparing glufosinate represented by formula (1) or its salt or enantiomer, or a mixture of its enantiomers in any ratio, comprising a step of hydrolyzing a compound of formula (III) to generate a compound of formula (1). Due to a distinctive reaction mechanism adopted in the method of the present disclosure, a halogenated hydrocarbon by-product in the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction can be avoided and thus the destructive impact of the halogenated hydrocarbon by-product on ozone in the aerosphere can be prevented. Accordingly, the equipment and engineering investments required for the separation, purification, and collection of the foregoing by-product are eliminated, and the potential environmental and safety hazards brought by the foregoing by-product are also avoided.

Abstract: A door access control system associates a unique passive identifier with each one of a plurality of doors for which controlled access is desired. Each of the identifiers can be attached to a location adjacent to each respective door. A smart phone with a predetermined scanning application can scan or read a respective identifier of a door for which access is desired. A representation of the door identifier along with an identifier of the smart phone can be transmitted to an access control unit. A data base of the access control unit can be interrogated to determine if that smart phone identifier is authorized to open the designated door. If authorized, then an access command can be transmitted to a local access control module that can release a locking mechanism for the respective door.

Abstract: A door access control system associates a unique passive identifier with each one of a plurality of doors for which controlled access is desired. Each of the identifiers can be attached to a location adjacent to each respective door. A smartphone with a predetermined scanning app can scan, or read a respective identifier of a door for which access is desired. A representation of the door identifier along with an identifier of the smart phone can be transmitter to an access control unit. A data base of the access control unit can be interrogated to determine if that smartphone identifier is authorized to open the designated door. If authorized, an access command can be transmitted to a local access control module which can release a locking mechanism for the respective door.

Abstract: An apparatus including a camera housing having an aperture, a camera having an imaging axis disposed in the housing with a lens disposed adjacent the aperture providing a field of view extending outwards through the aperture, around the imaging axis of the camera, at least one light source that illuminates the field of view of the camera, the light source is in an annular space between the lens and periphery of the aperture, at least one flap that supports the at least one light source, the flap extends around the annular space, the flap is pivotally attached to the camera and periphery of the aperture and an actuator that moves the camera along the imaging axis.

Abstract: An apparatus including a camera housing having an aperture, a camera having an imaging axis disposed in the housing with a lens disposed adjacent the aperture providing a field of view extending outwards through the aperture, around the imaging axis of the camera, at least one light source that illuminates the field of view of the camera, the light source is in an annular space between the lens and periphery of the aperture, at least one flap that supports the at least one light source, the flap extends around the annular space, the flap is pivotally attached to the camera and periphery of the aperture and an actuator that moves the camera along the imaging axis.