Abstract: A magnetic material has: multiple soft magnetic alloy grains that contain Fe, element L (where element L is Si, Zr, or Ti), and element M (where element M is not Si, Zr, or Ti, and oxidizes more easily than Fe); a first oxide film that contains element L and covers each of the multiple soft magnetic alloy grains; a second oxide film that contains element M and covers the first oxide film; a third oxide film that contains element L and covers the second oxide film; a fourth oxide film that contains Fe and covers the third oxide film; and bonds that are constituted by parts of the fourth oxide film and that bond the multiple soft magnetic alloy grains together.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell 10 includes: an electrode 11; a counter electrode 12 disposed facing the electrode 11; an electrolyte layer 16 sandwiched between the electrode 11 and the counter electrode 12; and a power generation layer 15 provided on a surface of a counter electrode 12 side of the electrode 11 and formed of oxide semiconductor particles 13 supporting a sensitizing dye 14, wherein the electrolyte layer 16 includes a matrix, with an electrolyte dispersed therein, of a polymer compound existing in a solid state at ordinary temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A magnetic material has: multiple soft magnetic alloy grains that contain Fe, element L (where element L is Si, Zr, or Ti), and element M (where element M is not Si, Zr, or Ti, and oxidizes more easily than Fe); a first oxide film that contains element L and covers each of the multiple soft magnetic alloy grains; a second oxide film that contains element M and covers the first oxide film; a third oxide film that contains element L and covers the second oxide film; a fourth oxide film that contains Fe and covers the third oxide film; and bonds that are constituted by parts of the fourth oxide film and that bond the multiple soft magnetic alloy grains together.

Abstract: A gas turbine includes first and second parts having outer surfaces located adjacent to each other to create an interface where wear occurs. A wear probe is provided for monitoring wear of the outer surface of the first part, and includes an optical guide having first and second ends, wherein the first end is configured to be located flush with the outer surface of the first part. A fiber bundle includes first and second ends, the first end being located proximate to the second end of the optical guide. The fiber bundle includes a transmit fiber bundle comprising a first plurality of optical fibers coupled to a light source, and a receive fiber bundle coupled to a light detector and configured to detect reflected light. A processor is configured to determine a length of the optical guide based on the detected reflected light.

Abstract: A gas turbine includes first and second parts having outer surfaces located adjacent to each other to create an interface where wear occurs. A wear probe is provided for monitoring wear of the outer surface of the first part, and includes an optical guide having first and second ends, wherein the first end is configured to be located flush with the outer surface of the first part. A fiber bundle includes first and second ends, the first end being located proximate to the second end of the optical guide. The fiber bundle includes a transmit fiber bundle comprising a first plurality of optical fibers coupled to a light source, and a receive fiber bundle coupled to a light detector and configured to detect reflected light. A processor is configured to determine a length of the optical guide based on the detected reflected light.

Abstract: The detection of combustion anomalies within a gas turbine engine is provided. A sensor associated with a combustor of the engine measures a signal that is representative of combustion conditions. A sampled dynamic signal is divided into time segments to derive a plurality of data points. The sampled dynamic signal is transformed to a form that enables detection of whether the sensed combustion conditions within the combustor are indicative of any combustion anomalies of interest. A wavelet transform is performed to calculate wavelet coefficients for the data points and at least one region of interest is targeted. The amplitude of each wavelet coefficient within each targeted region is normalized by a baseline signal. The normalized amplitudes of the wavelet coefficients are used to determine whether any combustion anomalies have occurred by comparing the normalized amplitudes of the wavelet coefficients within each target region to a predetermined threshold amplitude.

Abstract: The detection of combustion anomalies within a gas turbine engine is provided. A sensor associated with a combustor of the engine measures a signal that is representative of combustion conditions. A sampled dynamic signal is divided into time segments to derive a plurality of data points. The sampled dynamic signal is transformed to a form that enables detection of whether the sensed combustion conditions within the combustor are indicative of any combustion anomalies of interest. A wavelet transform is performed to calculate wavelet coefficients for the data points and at least one region of interest is targeted. The amplitude of each wavelet coefficient within each targeted region is normalized by a baseline signal. The normalized amplitudes of the wavelet coefficients are used to determine whether any combustion anomalies have occurred by comparing the normalized amplitudes of the wavelet coefficients within each target region to a predetermined threshold amplitude.