Abstract: An exhaust gas heat exchanger for a cogeneration system is disclosed. In the exhaust gas heat exchanger, a heat exchanger cover is arranged around a heat exchanger body such that a primary heat medium passage, through which a heat medium passes, is defined between the heat exchanger cover and the heat exchanger body. In the heat exchanger body, a heat medium tube forming a secondary heat medium passage, through which the heat medium emerging from the primary heat medium passage passes, is arranged. Accordingly, the heat medium primarily absorbs heat from the exhaust gas while passing through the primary heat medium passage, and then secondarily absorbs heat from the exhaust gas while passing through the secondary heat medium passage. As a result, an enhancement in heat exchanging efficiency is achieved.

Abstract: An analog buffer, display device having the same and a method of driving the same are provided. The analog buffer applies an analog voltage to a load. The analog buffer includes a comparator and a transistor. The comparator is configured to compare an input voltage provided from an external device with the analog voltage applied to the load. The transistor is turned on to electrically charge the load when the analog voltage is lower than the input voltage or turned on to electrically discharge the load when the analog voltage is higher than the input voltage, and turned off when the analog voltage becomes substantially the same as the input voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of controlling a linear expansion valve of a cooling cycle apparatus. The method comprises a first step of calculating a target opening level value according to suction overheat level of compressors to control a linear expansion valve based on the calculated target opening level value, and a second step of calculating a new target opening level value according to the suction overheat level of the compressors and discharge temperature of the compressors to control the linear expansion valve based on the calculated new target opening level value. Consequently, the discharge temperature of the compressors is prevented from being excessively increased, and therefore, the compressors are prevented from being overheated and damaged, and reliability of the cooling cycle apparatus is improved.

Abstract: A level shifter includes: a voltage dividing unit receiving a first voltage and an input voltage, and generating a middle voltage between the first voltage and the input voltage; first and second voltage compensating units connected to the voltage dividing unit and connected between the first voltage and a second voltage, for compensating a voltage variation of the voltage dividing unit; and an output unit receiving an output from the voltage dividing unit and generating an output voltage.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) includes a decoder unit for receiving an external digital data signal operating over a first predefined voltage range (i.e., 0-5V); a resistor array for generating a plurality of gray voltages defined across a second voltage range that is substantially wider than the first predefined voltage range, and a voltage selecting unit for selecting one of the gray voltages based on an output of the decoder unit, wherein the decoder unit includes a plurality of decoder stages and first and second boost circuits for generating output signals operating over a third voltage range (i.e., 0-7V) that is substantially wider than the first predefined voltage range while not requiring an additional power supply for producing voltages of the third voltage range (i.e., 0-7V).

Abstract: A source driver includes a gamma reference voltage generating unit and a gamma signal supplying unit. The gamma reference voltage generating unit generates a plurality of gamma reference voltages in response to a gamma control signal. The gamma signal supplying unit is integrated into a display panel and provides a gamma signal to data lines of the display panel using the gamma reference voltages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method so called Bacterial Digitalcode System (BaDis) that identifies microorganism by using bacterial-specific, genus-specific and species-specific oligonucleotides from a variety of samples or specimens for detection and differential diagnosis of microorganism. Particularly, the present invention relates to bacterial-specific, genus-specific and species-specific oligonucleotides designed by the target nucleotide sequences of 23S rDNA or ITS gene, polymerase chain reaction (hereinafter, referred to as “PCR”) kits using the oligonucleotides as a primer, the microarray containing the oligonucleotides as a probe, and methods for detecting microorganism by using the oligonucleotides. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to detect the presence of microorganism and diagnose differentially all microorganism such as pathogenic bacteria of infectious diseases, bacteria inducing food poisoning, bacteria contaminating biomedical products and environmental pollutants.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first pixel connected to first and second gate lines, a first positive data line and a first negative data line, and which is supplied with a positive data voltage from the first positive data line when enabled by a first gate-on voltage from the first gate line, and is supplied with a negative data voltage from the first negative data line when enabled by a second gate-on voltage from the second gate line; and a second pixel connected to the first and second gate lines, a second positive data line and a second negative data line, and which is supplied with a negative data voltage from the second negative data line when enabled by the first gate-on voltage and is supplied with a positive data voltage from the second positive data line when enabled by the second gate-on voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel includes a plurality of data and gate lines, a plurality of main switching elements, and a plurality of liquid crystal capacitors. Each main switching element is electrically connected to a main data and gate line. Each liquid crystal capacitor is electrically connected to a main switching element. The LCD panel further includes a plurality of partial gate lines to transmit a plurality of partial driving signals, a plurality of partial data lines to transmit a plurality of data signals, and a plurality of partial switching elements. Each partial switching element is turned on based on a partial driving signal to provide a memory with a data signal via a partial data line when a main switching element is enabled, and to provide a liquid crystal capacitor with a data signal stored in the memory when the main switching element is turned off.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) for eliminating an afterimage includes a power supply, a gate driver and a discharger. The power supply detects the cutting off of external power voltage and supplies a discharge signal. The gate driver simultaneously supplies a gate driving signal to a plurality of gate lines in response to the discharge signal, and the discharger supplies a common voltage to a plurality of data lines in response to the discharge signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display comprising a panel having a display region for displaying an image and a peripheral region defined therein, a plurality of thin film transistors (TFTs) formed in the display region, p-type and n-type TFTs formed in the peripheral region, and at least one photo diode formed in a horizontal structure in the display or peripheral region; and a method of manufacturing the display. According to the present invention, n-type and p-type TFTs and a photo diode can be together formed without an additional process when forming the TFTs using a polycrystalline silicon thin film, and various peripheral circuits can be configured using such elements.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of pixels connected with a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines, a data driving part applying a data signal to the plurality of data lines, a gate driving part applying a gate signal to the plurality of gate lines, and a plurality of protection circuits connected with the plurality of data lines, wherein each of the plurality of protection circuits comprises a first transistor including a control terminal connected with a first signal line, an input terminal connected with a data line, and an output terminal connected with a second signal line, a second transistor including a control terminal connected with the second signal line, an input terminal connected with the second signal line, and an output terminal connected with the first signal line, and a storage capacitor is connected between the control terminal of the first transistor and the output terminal of the first transistor.

Abstract: A method for controlling a cogeneration system is disclosed. The control method determines whether or not the operation load or power load of an air conditioner corresponds to a load requiring driving of a generator, controls the generator to operate when it is determined that the operation load of the air conditioner corresponds to the generator driving load, controls the air conditioner to operate using electric power generated from the generator when the generator operates normally, and controls the air conditioner to operate using commercial electric power when the operation load of the air conditioner is not the generator driving load or when the generator operates abnormally. Accordingly, there are advantages in terms of economy and safety.

Abstract: Disclosed related to a co-generation according to the present invention comprising an electric generator, an engine, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger where the waste heat of the engine is recovered, a water boil heat exchanger connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchanger and the heat transfer path, a hot water storage tank connected with the water boil heat exchanger and the water circulation path, a water boil heat exchanger bypassing path formed at the water circulation path, a water boil heat exchanger bypassing valve installed at the water boil heat exchanger bypassing path.

Abstract: Disclosed related to a co-generation according to the present invention has some advantages in that the heat of the refrigerant recovered at the supply heat exchanger is used for the water boiling as well as the heat recovered at the drive source is used for water boiling when the air conditioner is under the air-cooling mode and has a water boiling request by comprised as an electric generator; a drive source operating the electric generator; a waste heat recovery heat exchanger recovering the exhaust gas heat of the drive source; a water boil heat exchanger installed for boiling water; an air conditioner air-conditioning indoor air; a radiant heat exchanger radiating heat to outside; a supply heat exchanger installed on the refrigerant path of the air conditioner; and a heat transfer path connecting the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, water boil heat exchanger, and the radiant heat exchanger, and the supply heat exchanger.

Abstract: Disclosed related to a co-generation comprising a heat exchanger heating water; a heat transfer path connected with the water heat exchanger to transfer heat; a hot water storage tank connected with the water heat exchanger and the water circulation path; a hot water storage water supply apparatus supplying water in the hot water storage tank to the water circulation path; a water supply path connected with the water circulation path; a water supply apparatus supplying water to the water supply path; and a hot water supply heat exchanger bypassing apparatus and bypassing the water supplied to the water circulation path from the hot water storage tank through the hot water supply heat exchanger.

Abstract: A cogeneration system is disclosed. The cogeneration system includes a heat pump type air conditioner, a waste heat recoverer to recover waste heat of a drive source, a waste heat supplying heat exchanger, which is heated by the waste heat recovered by the waste heat recoverer, and a bypassing unit, which causes the waste heat supplying heat exchanger to function as an evaporator during a heating operation of the heat pump type air conditioner. In accordance with this arrangement, it is possible to enhance the heating capacity of the heat pump type air conditioner irrespective of outdoor temperature, to prevent damage of compressors, and to minimize power consumption.

Abstract: Provided is a low power random bit generator utilizing a multiplying digital to analog converter (MDAC) which is used in a switched capacitor amplifying circuit and an analog to digital converter with a pipeline architecture. The low power random bit generator includes: an MDAC, outputting a predetermined analog voltage formed by using a ground voltage, a reference voltage, an initial voltage and a digital signal; a comparator, outputting a direct current (DC) voltage determined by comparing the analog voltage with the ground voltage; and a data storage unit, storing a predetermined digital signal corresponding to the DC voltage, and outputting the digital signal.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) includes a decoder unit for receiving an external digital data signal operating over a first predefined voltage range (i.e., 0-5V); a resistor array for generating a plurality of gray voltages defined across a second voltage range that is substantially wider than the first predefined voltage range, and a voltage selecting unit for selecting one of the gray voltages based on an output of the decoder unit, wherein the decoder unit includes a plurality of decoder stages and first and second boost circuits for generating output signals operating over a third voltage range (i.e., 0-7V) that is substantially wider than the first predefined voltage range while not requiring an additional power supply for producing voltages of the third voltage range (i.e., 0-7V).

Abstract: A display substrate includes a plurality of pixel parts, each including a first and second gate lines, a source line, first, second, and third transistors, and a pumping capacitor. A display device includes a display panel, a gate driving part, a source driving part, and an output selecting part. Each pixel part of a display panel includes a transmissive part, a reflective part, and an adjusting part. The adjusting part adjusts the transmission voltage charged in the reflective part to a reflection voltage based on a control voltage. Thus, transmission voltage applied to the transmissive part is adjusted to reflection voltage to be applied to the reflective part. Therefore, optical reflectivity and optical transmissivity versus voltage are matched with each other, while embodying a single cell-gap and applying a single voltage.