Abstract: Semiconductor devices, FinFET devices and methods of forming the same are disclosed. One of the semiconductor devices includes a substrate and a gate strip disposed over the substrate. The gate strip includes a high-k layer disposed over the substrate, an N-type work function metal layer disposed over the high-k layer, and a barrier layer disposed over the N-type work function metal layer. The barrier layer includes at least one first film containing TiAlN, TaAlN or AlN.

Abstract: Methods for tuning effective work functions of gate electrodes in semiconductor devices and semiconductor devices formed by the same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a channel region over a semiconductor substrate; a gate dielectric layer over the channel region; and a gate electrode over the gate dielectric layer, the gate electrode including a first work function metal layer over the gate dielectric layer, the first work function metal layer including aluminum (Al); a first work function tuning layer over the first work function metal layer, the first work function tuning layer including aluminum tungsten (AlW); and a fill material over the first work function tuning layer.

Abstract: An additive of an electrolyte of a lithium battery at least includes an initiator, where the initiator is decomposed at a temperature higher than a default temperature to generate free radicals. Also disclosed is an electrolyte of a lithium battery, at least including the above additive, carbonates, and a lithium salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides method for operating a multipoint control system, which includes a plurality of controlled units serially connected and each controlled unit has a execution unit and an interpretive unit having a data processing unit and a memory unit, utilizes start packets pass through every one of controlled units which could be modified and transmitted to the next stage to achieve addressing for all of the system. Specifically, an information stream including a first start packet including a first leading message and a plurality of first data packets are transmitted by a controller, and a first address in the first start packet is modified by data processing unit and transmitted to the next stage. In addition, a first data packet corresponding to the first address is retrieved by the interpretive unit and the execution unit is enabled by the interpretive unit.

Abstract: A signal encoder and a signal decoder involves the signal encoder for receiving a data signal and a clock signal, including a first code output terminal and a second code output terminal. When the data signal is logic one, the signal encoder outputs a modulated signal through the first code output terminal, and outputs a fixed level signal through the second code output terminal. When the data signal is logic zero, the signal encoder outputs the fixed level signal through the first code output terminal, and outputs the modulated signal through the second code output terminal. The signal decoder converts the modulated signal and the fixed level signal output from the signal encoder into the data signal and the clock signal.

Abstract: A signal encoder and a signal decoder involves the signal encoder for receiving a data signal and a clock signal, including a first code output terminal and a second code output terminal. When the data signal is logic one, the signal encoder outputs a modulated signal through the first code output terminal, and outputs a fixed level signal through the second code output terminal. When the data signal is logic zero, the signal encoder outputs the fixed level signal through the first code output terminal, and outputs the modulated signal through the second code output terminal. The signal decoder converts the modulated signal and the fixed level signal output from the signal encoder into the data signal and the clock signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides method for operating a multipoint control system. It utilizes start packets pass through every one of controlled units which could be modified and transmitted to the next stage to achieve addressing for all of the system.

Abstract: A multimedia short message template application system and a broadcast system, a multimedia short message template applying method and a broadcast method are disclosed. The multimedia short message template application system comprises a multimedia object, a multimedia database, a template database and an applying unit. The multimedia object includes an object content attribute and an object motion attribute. The object motion attribute includes an interaction function. The multimedia database is composed of a multimedia data. The template database is composed of short message templates. Any short message template includes a combination arrangement of a multimedia object. A corresponding short message template is found by the applying unit from the template database based on the selection chosen by a user. A corresponding multimedia data is then found from the multimedia database based on the selection chosen by the user again.