Abstract: A method for predicting and compensating frictions of a feed system includes following steps: constantly obtaining current signals and angle-position signals of a motor by a motor driver of a feed system after being activated; calculating frictions of the motor upon each rotating position according to the obtained current signals and angle-position signals and generating multiple records of friction data; creating a friction model according to the multiple records of friction data and the angle-position signals each respectively corresponding to each record of friction data with respect to each rotating position; importing current angle-position signal of the motor to the friction model for predicting a predicted friction; calculating a compensation current based on the predicted friction; and, controlling the motor driver to additionally provide the compensation current to the motor for conquering an upcoming friction of the feed system approximate to the predicted friction.

Abstract: An electronic device includes: a housing, a first restraining holder, a second restraining holder and at least one protruding rib structure. The housing includes a first surface. The first restraining holder, the second restraining holder and at least part of the protruding rib structure are arranged on the first surface, and at least part of the protruding rib structure is disposed between the first restraining holder and the second restraining holder.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes an upper threshold circuit, a lower threshold circuit, and a control circuit. The upper threshold circuit is configured to set a logic level of a first enabling signal based on comparing an input voltage signal with an upper threshold voltage. The lower threshold circuit is configured to set a logic level of a second enabling signal based on comparing the input voltage signal with a lower threshold voltage. The control circuit is configured to change an output voltage signal from a first voltage level to a second voltage level when the logic level of the first enabling signal and the logic level of the second enabling signal are changed consecutively.

Abstract: A rebounding pivot module includes a mounting shaft, and a bouncing device set including a barrel having one end tooth shaped, a connecting tube mounted in the other end of the barrel, a connection rod connected to the connecting tube, a socket and a first guide block mounted onto the connection rod, the first guide block having one end beveled, a bouncing barrel mounted around the connecting rod, a second guide block supported on an elastic member in the bouncing barrel and defining therein a guide hole and having one end tooth shaped and abutted at the beveled edge of the first guide block, and a lock device fastened to connection rod that is inserted through the second guide block, the elastic member and the through hole of the bouncing barrel to lock the bouncing barrel to the connection rod.

Abstract: A pet feeding device includes an accommodating body, a cover, a pivoting assembly and a counterweight. The accommodating body has an accommodating space. The cover is pivotally connected to the accommodating body and to close or open the accommodating space. The pivoting assembly is connected to the accommodating body and the cover and for pivotally connecting the cover on the accommodating body. The counterweight is separately connected to the accommodating body and includes a swinging end and a positioning end. The swinging end has a curved surface and is disposed on one end of the counterweight. The positioning end is disposed on the other end of the counterweight. When the swinging end of the counterweight contacts a ground, the pet feeding device is in a rolling state, and when the positioning end of the counterweight contacts the ground, the pet feeding device is in a positioning state.

Abstract: An optical device configured to observe a target is provided, including a main body, a display module, an object lens module, and an eyepiece module. The main body has an upper portion, a lower portion and a hollow portion connected to each other. The display module is accommodated in the hollow portion to display an image of a target. The object lens module is disposed on a front side of the main body to generate the image of the target. The eyepiece module is disposed on a rear side of the main body. The hollow portion of the main body forms a first crescent-shaped structure protruding from the upper left side of the object lens module and a second crescent-shaped structure protruding from the upper right side of the object lens module to receive the display module.

Abstract: A level shifter includes an input circuit having first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary input signals at a first voltage level and a second voltage level. A cross-latch circuit is coupled to the input circuit, and has first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary output signals at a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level. The input circuit includes first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals at the first voltage level and the fourth voltage level based on the input signals. A tracking circuit is coupled to the input circuit and the cross-latch circuit, and is configured to input first and second tracking signals to the cross-latch circuit based on the first and second control signals, wherein the first tracking signal is the greater of the first control signal and the third voltage level, and the second tracking signal is the greater of the second control signal and the third voltage level.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a motor, a sensing device and a controller. The motor provides a motive power to the load. The sensing device measures a plurality of motion parameters of the motor. The controller calculates a real system parameter between the motor and the load according to the motion command and the plurality of motion parameters. According to the motion command and the plurality of motion parameters, the controller acquires a real value of a rotation speed of the motor. Moreover, controller establishes a system model according to the motion command and the real system parameter so as to acquire an estimated value of the rotation speed of the motor. If the first mean square error is not smaller than the first target value, the controller performs a particle swarm optimization algorithm to change the estimated value of the rotation speed of the motor.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes two or more substrates stacked one over another and a first set of electrical components on one or more of the two or more substrates. The two or more substrates include a first substrate having a first predetermined doping type and a second substrate having the first predetermined doping type. The first set of electrical components is configured to form a first circuit. The integrated circuit further includes a first ground reference rail electrically connected to the first circuit, a first common ground reference rail, and a first ESD conduction element electrically connected between the first ground reference rail and the first common ground reference rail. The first ESD conduction element includes a first diode on the first substrate and a second diode on the second substrate. The first diode and the second diode are electrically connected in parallel and have opposite polarities.

Abstract: A method for predicting and compensating frictions of a feed system includes following steps: constantly obtaining current signals and angle-position signals of a motor by a motor driver of a feed system after being activated; calculating frictions of the motor upon each rotating position according to the obtained current signals and angle-position signals and generating multiple records of friction data; creating a friction model according to the multiple records of friction data and the angle-position signals each respectively corresponding to each record of friction data with respect to each rotating position; importing current angle-position signal of the motor to the friction model for predicting a predicted friction; calculating a compensation current based on the predicted friction; and, controlling the motor driver to additionally provide the compensation current to the motor for conquering an upcoming friction of the feed system approximate to the predicted friction.

Abstract: A circuit includes: a first swing reduction circuit coupled between an input/output pad and a buffer circuit, and a second swing reduction circuit coupled between the input/output pad and the buffer circuit. The first swing reduction circuit comprises a first transistor gated by a first bias voltage and comprises a second transistor drained by the first bias voltage. The first swing reduction circuit is configured to increase a voltage at a first node in the buffer circuit when a voltage applied on the input/output pad is equal to a first supply voltage. The second swing reduction circuit is configured to reduce a voltage at a second node in the buffer circuit when the voltage applied on the input/output pad is equal to a second supply voltage.

Abstract: A circuit includes a first inverter and a second inverter. The first inverter is coupled to an input terminal. The input terminal receives an input signal varying in a first voltage domain. The second inverter is coupled between the first inverter and an output terminal. The second inverter generates an output signal varying in a second voltage domain. The first inverter includes a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor. The first PMOS transistor is biased by a first input tracking signal generated from the input signal. The first input tracking signal varies in a third voltage domain. The first NMOS transistor is biased by a second input tracking signal generated from the input signal. The second input tracking signal varies in the second voltage domain.

Abstract: A pulse measurement device is provided, including a first signal source, a second signal source, two microwave resonators, two mixers, and a signal processing unit. The first signal source and the second signal source output a first high-frequency signal and a second high-frequency signal, respectively. Each of the microwave resonators generates an electric field according to the first high-frequency signal, and senses a variation in the electric field which is interfered by a pulse to obtain a sensing signal. Each of the mixers is coupled to one of the microwave resonators, to mix the sensing signal and the second high-frequency signal to output a down-converted signal. The signal processing unit respectively demodulates amplitudes of the down-converted signals of the two mixers to obtain amplitude signals.

Abstract: A level shifter includes an input circuit having first and second input terminals configured to receive complementary input signals at a first voltage level and a second voltage level. A cross-latch circuit is coupled to the input circuit, and has first and second output terminals configured to provide complementary output signals at a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level. The input circuit includes first and second control nodes configured to output first and second control signals at the first voltage level and the fourth voltage level based on the input signals. A tracking circuit is coupled to the input circuit and the cross-latch circuit, and is configured to input first and second tracking signals to the cross-latch circuit based on the first and second control signals, wherein the first tracking signal is the greater of the first control signal and the third voltage level, and the second tracking signal is the greater of the second control signal and the third voltage level.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a motor, a sensing device and a controller. The motor provides a motive power to the load. The sensing device measures a plurality of motion parameters of the motor. The controller calculates a real system parameter between the motor and the load according to the motion command and the plurality of motion parameters. According to the motion command and the plurality of motion parameters, the controller acquires a real value of a rotation speed of the motor. Moreover, controller establishes a system model according to the motion command and the real system parameter so as to acquire an estimated value of the rotation speed of the motor. If the first mean square error is not smaller than the first target value, the controller performs a particle swarm optimization algorithm to change the estimated value of the rotation speed of the motor.

Abstract: An integrated circuit including: two or more substrates stacked one over another and including first and second substrates having a P-type doping, and third and fourth substrates having an N-type doping; the first substrate including a first dielectric isolation structure electrically separating the first substrate into first and second portions; the second substrate including a second dielectric isolation structure electrically separating the second substrate into first and second portions a set of electrical components on one or more of the two or more substrates, and configured to form a circuit, the circuit comprising an internal ground node; a ground reference rail electrically connected to the first substrate and the second substrate and free from being electrically connected to the third substrate and the fourth substrate; and an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit electrically coupled between the internal ground node and the ground reference rail.

Abstract: A pet feeding device includes an accommodating body, a cover, a pivoting assembly and a counterweight. The accommodating body has an accommodating space. The cover is pivotally connected to the accommodating body and to close or open the accommodating space. The pivoting assembly is connected to the accommodating body and the cover and for pivotally connecting the cover on the accommodating body. The counterweight is separately connected to the accommodating body and includes a swinging end and a positioning end. The swinging end has a curved surface and is disposed on one end of the counterweight. The positioning end is disposed on the other end of the counterweight. When the swinging end of the counterweight contacts a ground, the pet feeding device is in a rolling state, and when the positioning end of the counterweight contacts the ground, the pet feeding device is in a positioning state.

Abstract: A mechanical arm system includes at least two links, at least two control devices and at least two motor devices. Each of the control devices includes a first control unit, a mechanical arm control unit and a driving unit. The first control unit receives an end-position command to output a first torque signal. The mechanical arm control unit includes a rigid mechanical unit and a mechanical model unit. The rigid mechanical unit receives the first torque signal to obtain a rigid mechanical torque, and the mechanical model unit receives the rigid mechanical torque and operates the flexible mechanical model to establish the mechanical arm model for obtaining the target torque, and the target position signal is output according to the target torque. The driving unit generates a driving signal according to the target position signal to adjust a rotation angle of the corresponding motor device.

Abstract: A method (of forming an integrated circuit) includes: forming a first diode on a first substrate of two or more stacked substrates, the first substrate having a first predetermined doping type; forming a second diode on a second substrate of the two or more stacked substrates, the second substrate being formed on the first substrate, and the second substrate having the first predetermined doping type; and forming conductive paths electrically connecting the first diode 3A and the second diode between a circuit and a first common ground rail, the first diode and the second diode being connected in parallel and having opposite polarities.

Abstract: A circuit includes a first inverter and a second inverter. The first inverter is coupled to an input terminal. The input terminal receives an input signal varying in a first voltage domain. The second inverter is coupled between the first inverter and an output terminal. The second inverter generating an output signal varying in a second voltage domain. The first inverter includes a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor. The first PMOS transistor is biased by a first input tracking signal generated from the input signal. The first input tracking signal varies in a third voltage domain. The first NMOS transistor is biased by a second input tracking signal generated from the input signal. The second input tracking signal varies in the second voltage domain.