Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an epitaxial layer, at least one gate trench, and at least one trench gate structure. The gate trench includes a lower gate trench and an upper gate trench, and a width of the lower gate trench is less than a width of the upper gate trench. The trench gate structure is disposed in the gate trench, and the trench gate structure includes a bottom gate structure, a middle gate structure, and a top gate structure. The thickness of the second gate dielectric layer of the middle gate structure is less than the thickness of the first gate dielectric layer of the bottom gate structure. The thickness of the third gate dielectric layer of the top gate structure is less than the thickness of the second gate dielectric layer of the middle gate structure. The first, second, and third gate electrodes are separated from each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a trench disposed in an epitaxial layer on a substrate. A gate structure is disposed in the trench and includes upper and lower conductive portions. A dielectric isolation portion is disposed between the upper and lower conductive portions. A dielectric liner is disposed in the trench and has an opening on the bottom surface of the trench. The opening is filled up with a part of the lower conductive portion. A portion of the epitaxial layer and the lower conductive portion construct a Schottky barrier diode. A doped region is disposed in the epitaxial layer, under the bottom surface of the trench and on one side of the lower conductive portion. The portion of the epitaxial layer and a portion of the doped region are in contact with the lower conductive portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first buried layer and a second buried layer both have a first conductivity type and are disposed in a substrate, where the second buried layer is disposed on the first buried layer. A first well region has the first conductivity type and is disposed above the second buried layer. A second well region has a second conductivity type and is adjacent to the first well region. A deep trench isolation structure is disposed in the substrate and surrounds the first and second well regions, where the bottom surface of the deep trench isolation structure is lower than the bottom surface of the first buried layer. A source region is disposed in the second well region. A drain region is disposed in the first well region. A gate electrode is disposed on the first and second well regions.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor structure includes providing a substrate including a first region with a first gate structure and a second region with a second gate structure. First to third dielectric layers are formed on the substrate. The third dielectric layer is patterned to form a first portion in the first region and a second portion in the second region. The second region is covered and at least a portion of the first portion is removed to form a first mask. The second dielectric layer is pattern by using the first mask and the second portion as the second mask to expose a portion of the first dielectric layer. The portion of the first dielectric layer is removed to form a first stacked spacer on the first gate structure and a second stacked spacer on the second gate structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate and a light-collimating layer. The substrate has a plurality of pixels. The light-collimating layer is disposed on the substrate, and the light-collimating layer includes a transparent material layer, a first light-shielding layer, a second light-shielding layer and a plurality of transparent pillars. The transparent material layer covers the pixels. The first light-shielding layer is disposed on the substrate and the first light-shielding layer has a plurality of holes corresponding to the pixels. The second light-shielding layer is disposed on the first light-shielding layer. The transparent pillars are disposed in the second light-shielding layer.

Abstract: Methods of forming semiconductor devices are provided. The methods include: forming a trench in a substrate, wherein the trench includes a defect protruding from a bottom surface of the trench; forming a flowable material on the substrate to at least partially cover the defect; performing an etching process to reduce the height of the defect; and removing the flowable material.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a conductive substrate and an encapsulation structure. The conductive substrate has a plurality of pixels. The encapsulation structure is disposed on the conductive substrate and includes at least one light-collimating unit. The light-collimating unit includes a transparent substrate and a patterned light-shielding layer. The patterned light-shielding layer is disposed on the transparent substrate. The patterned light-shielding layer has a plurality of holes disposed to correspond to the pixels.

Abstract: Methods of forming semiconductor devices are provided. The methods include: forming a trench in a substrate, wherein the trench includes a defect protruding from a bottom surface of the trench; forming a flowable material on the substrate to at least partially cover the defect; performing an etching process to reduce the height of the defect; and removing the flowable material.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor structure includes providing a substrate including a first region with a first gate structure and a second region with a second gate structure. First to third dielectric layers are formed on the substrate. The third dielectric layer is patterned to form a first portion in the first region and a second portion in the second region. The second region is covered and at least a portion of the first portion is removed to form a first mask. The second dielectric layer is pattern by using the first mask and the second portion as the second mask to expose a portion of the first dielectric layer. The portion of the first dielectric layer is removed to form a first stacked spacer on the first gate structure and a second stacked spacer on the second gate structure.

Abstract: A display system and a method for forming an output buffer of a source driver are provided. The display system includes a plurality of pixels coupled to a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of source lines. A gate driver provides a plurality of gate signals to the plurality of gate lines. A source driver provides a plurality of image signals to the plurality of source lines. The source driver includes an output buffer. The output buffer includes a transistor. The transistor is either a native transistor device, a depletion-mode transistor device or a low-threshold transistor device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate and a light-collimating layer. The substrate has a plurality of pixels. The light-collimating layer is disposed on the substrate, and the light-collimating layer includes a transparent material layer, a first light-shielding layer, a second light-shielding layer and a plurality of transparent pillars. The transparent material layer covers the pixels. The first light-shielding layer is disposed on the substrate and the first light-shielding layer has a plurality of holes corresponding to the pixels. The second light-shielding layer is disposed on the first light-shielding layer. The transparent pillars are disposed in the second light-shielding layer.

Abstract: A high-voltage semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first insulating structure, a gate, a drain region, a source region and a doped region. The substrate has a first conductive type, and the first insulating structure is disposed on the substrate. The drain region and the source region are disposed in the substrate. The source region has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has the second conductive type and the second portion has the first conductive type. The gate is disposed on the substrate, between the source region and the drain region to partially cover a side of the first insulating structure. The doped region is disposed in the substrate and has a first doped region and a second doped region, and the first doped region and the second doped region both include the first conductive type and separately disposed under the first insulating structure.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor structure includes: forming a first gate structure in a predetermined low-potential region of a substrate and a second gate structure in a predetermined high-potential region of the substrate; sequentially forming a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer covering the first gate structure and the second gate structure; forming a portion of a third dielectric layer along sidewalls of the second gate structure and on the second dielectric layer; and etching the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer with the portion of the third dielectric layer as an etching hard mask to form a first composite spacer covering sidewalls of the first gate structure, and a second composite spacer covering the sidewalls of the second gate structure, wherein a width of the first composite spacer is less than a width of the second composite spacer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a high voltage semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first well region, a second well region, a source, a drain, a first electrode structure and a second electrode structure. The first well region and the second well region are disposed in the substrate, and which includes a first conductive type and a second conductive type which are complementary with each other. The source and the drain are respectively disposed within the first well region and the second well region. The first electrode structure and the second electrode structure are both disposed on the substrate, and the distance between the top surface of an electrode of the first electrode structure and the top surface of the substrate includes a first height and a second height which are different from each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a high voltage semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first well region, a second well region, a source, a drain, a first electrode structure and a second electrode structure. The first well region and the second well region are disposed in the substrate, and which includes a first conductive type and a second conductive type which are complementary with each other. The source and the drain are respectively disposed within the first well region and the second well region. The first electrode structure and the second electrode structure are both disposed on the substrate, and the distance between the top surface of an electrode of the first electrode structure and the top surface of the substrate includes a first height and a second height which are different from each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate and a light-collimating layer. The substrate has a plurality of pixels. The light-collimating layer is disposed on the substrate, and the light-collimating layer includes a transparent material layer, a first light-shielding layer, a second light-shielding layer and a plurality of transparent pillars. The transparent material layer covers the pixels. The first light-shielding layer is disposed on the substrate and the first light-shielding layer has a plurality of holes corresponding to the pixels. The second light-shielding layer is disposed on the first light-shielding layer. The transparent pillars are disposed in the second light-shielding layer.

Abstract: A high-voltage semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first insulating structure, a gate, a drain region, a source region and a doped region. The substrate has a first conductive type, and the first insulating structure is disposed on the substrate. The drain region and the source region are disposed in the substrate. The source region has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has the second conductive type and the second portion has the first conductive type. The gate is disposed on the substrate, between the source region and the drain region to partially cover a side of the first insulating structure. The doped region is disposed in the substrate and has a first doped region and a second doped region, and the first doped region and the second doped region both include the first conductive type and separately disposed under the first insulating structure.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes a substrate, a first/second/third well disposed in a sensing region, a deep trench isolation structure, and a passivation layer. The substrate has a first conductivity type and includes the sensing region. The first well has a second conductivity type and a first depth. The second well has the second conductivity type and a second depth. The third well has the first conductivity type and a third depth. The deep trench isolation structure is disposed in the substrate and surrounding the sensing region, wherein the depth of the deep trench isolation structure is greater than the first depth, the first depth is greater than the second depth, and the second depth is greater than the third depth. The passivation layer is disposed over the substrate, wherein the passivation layer includes a plurality of protruding portions disposed directly above the sensing region.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes a substrate, a first/second/third well disposed in a sensing region, a deep trench isolation structure, and a passivation layer. The substrate has a first conductivity type and includes the sensing region. The first well has a second conductivity type and a first depth. The second well has the second conductivity type and a second depth. The third well has the first conductivity type and a third depth. The deep trench isolation structure is disposed in the substrate and surrounding the sensing region, wherein the depth of the deep trench isolation structure is greater than the first depth, the first depth is greater than the second depth, and the second depth is greater than the third depth. The passivation layer is disposed over the substrate, wherein the passivation layer includes a plurality of protruding portions disposed directly above the sensing region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a compound semiconductor layer disposed over a substrate, a protection layer disposed over the compound semiconductor layer, and a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode which penetrate through the protection layer and are disposed on the compound semiconductor layer. The semiconductor device also includes a gate field plate connecting the gate electrode and disposed over a portion of the protection layer between the gate electrode and the drain electrode. The gate field plate has an extension portion extending into the protection layer.