Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor structure includes selective use of a cladding layer during the fabrication process to provide critical dimension uniformity. The cladding layer can be formed before forming a recess in an active channel structure or can be formed after filling a recess in an active channel structure with dielectric material. These techniques can be used in semiconductor structures such as gate-all-around (GAA) transistor structures implemented in an integrated circuit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of semiconductor layers vertically separated from one another. The semiconductor device includes a gate structure that comprises a lower portion and an upper portion, wherein the lower portion wraps around each of the plurality of semiconductor layers. The semiconductor device includes a gate spacer that extends along a sidewall of the upper portion of the gate structure and has a bottom surface. A portion of the bottom surface of the gate spacer and a top surface of a topmost one of the plurality of semiconductor layers form an angle that is less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a privacy computing method based on homomorphic encryption, which includes steps as follows. The ciphertext data is received, where the ciphertext data has a floating-point homomorphic encryption data structure, and the floating-point homomorphic encryption data structure of the ciphertext data includes the ciphertext mantissa, exponent parameter and gain parameter. The gain parameter sets the precision of the floating point corresponding to the ciphertext mantissa. The exponent parameter is adapted to multiplication or division. The artificial intelligence model performs operations on the ciphertext data to return the ciphertext result.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes: forming a fin protruding above a substrate; forming isolation regions on opposing sides of the fin; forming a dummy gate electrode over the fin; removing lower portions of the dummy gate electrode proximate to the isolation regions, where after removing the lower portions, there is a gap between the isolation regions and a lower surface of the dummy gate electrode facing the isolation regions; filling the gap with a gate fill material; after filling the gap, forming gate spacers along sidewalls of the dummy gate electrode and along sidewalls of the gate fill material; and replacing the dummy gate electrode and the gate fill material with a metal

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless transmission system, including a mobile electronic device with first screen information, a computer with second screen information, and a docking station coupled to the computer. When accommodating the mobile electronic device, the docking station transmits an electrical signal to the mobile electronic device, wherein the computer confirms that the mobile electronic device is located on the docking station according to a Bluetooth Low Energy signal sent by the mobile electronic device, the computer transmits Wi-Fi service set identification information to the mobile electronic device through a Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, the computer and the mobile electronic device are connected to the same Wi-Fi access point, and the mobile electronic device sends the first screen information back to the computer. Accordingly, the problem that the computer and the mobile electronic device cannot transmit data or screen information to each other through a transmission line is solved.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate. The semiconductor device includes a fin that is formed over the substrate and extends along a first direction. The semiconductor device includes a gate structure that straddles the fin and extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The semiconductor device includes a first source/drain structure coupled to a first end of the fin along the first direction. The gate structure includes a first portion protruding toward the first source/drain structure along the first direction. A tip edge of the first protruded portion is vertically above a bottom surface of the gate structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a plurality of channel layers vertically separated from one another. The semiconductor device also includes an active gate structure comprising a lower portion and an upper portion. The lower portion wraps around each of the plurality of channel layers. The semiconductor device further includes a gate spacer extending along a sidewall of the upper portion of the active gate structure. The gate spacer has a bottom surface. Moreover, a dummy gate dielectric layer is disposed between the gate spacer and a topmost channel layer of plurality of channel layers. The dummy gate dielectric layer is in contact with a top surface of the topmost channel layer, the bottom surface of the gate spacer, and the sidewall of the gate structure.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices are provided, which can include an engineering change order (ECO) base. A base layout cell includes metal layer regions, conductive gate patterns arranged above metal layer regions; oxide definition (OD) patterns, metal-zero layer over oxide-definition (metal-zero) patterns, at least one cut metal layer (CMD) pattern; and at least one via region. The base layout cell can be implemented in at least two non-identical functional cells. A first functional cell of the at least two non-identical functional cells includes first interconnection conductive patterns arranged connecting metal-zero structures corresponding to at least two metal-zero patterns in a first layout, and a second functional cell of the at least two non-identical functional cells includes second interconnection conductive patterns arranged connecting metal-zero structures corresponding to at least two metal-zero patterns in a second layout.

Abstract: The federated learning system includes a moderator and client devices. Each client device performs a method for verifying model update as follows: receiving a hash function and a general model; training a client model according to the general model and raw data; calculating a difference as an update parameter between the general model and the client model, sending the update parameter to the moderator; inputting the update parameter to the hash function to generate a hash value; sending the hash value to other client devices, and receiving other hash values; summing all the hash values to generate a trust value; receiving an aggregation parameter calculated according to the update parameters; inputting the aggregation parameter to the hash function to generate a to-be-verified value; and updating the client model according to the aggregation parameter when the to-be-verified value equals the trust value.

Abstract: The present application provides a flame-retardant electrolyte. The flame-retardant electrolyte includes a specific solvent; a lithium salt; and a fluorinated solvent. The specific solvent is carbonate solvent, ether solvent, succinonitrile, sulfolane, tetraglyme, ionic liquid or a combination thereof. Or, the flame-retardant electrolyte comprises 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, lithium salt, and carbonate solvent.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a composite cathode for a solid-state battery, which includes a composite layer and a solid electrolyte layer. The composite layer includes a cathode sheet, an interface layer and an ion conductor. The interface layer is disposed on the cathode sheet. The ion conductor is disposed between the cathode sheet and the interface layer, or dispersed in the cathode sheet and the interface layer. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed on the composite layer.

Abstract: An edible cap for selectively covering an open end of a cup includes an edible flat body, an edible wax layer and an edible film. The edible flat body is in the form of a cap. The edible flat body is a solid body including a top portion and a wall extending around the top portion in a circle of a certain diameter to provide a profile in compliance with the open end of the cup. The wall includes an opening for receiving the open end of the cup. The edible wax layer is attached to a face of the edible flat body. The edible film is attached to a face of the edible wax layer opposite to the flat body in a detachable manner.

Abstract: An electrode and a lithium-ion battery employing the electrode are provided. The electrode includes an active layer, a conductive layer, and a non-conductive layer. The conductive layer is disposed on the top surface of the active layer. The conductive layer includes a first porous film and a conductive lithiophilic material, and the conductive lithiophilic material is within the first porous film and covers the inner surface of the first porous film. The non-conductive layer includes a second porous film and a non-conductive lithiophilic material, and the non-conductive lithiophilic material is within the second porous film and covers the inner surface of the second porous film. The conductive layer is disposed between the active layer and the non-conductive layer. The binding energy (?G) of the lithiophilic material with lithium is less than or equal to ?2.6 eV.

Abstract: A negative electrode and a lithium ion battery employing the same are provided. The negative electrode includes an active layer and a composite layer disposed on the active layer. The composite layer includes a lithiophilic nanoparticle, a metal nanoparticle and a binder. The binding energy (?E) of the lithiophilic nanoparticle with lithium is less than or equal to ?2.5 eV. The metal nanoparticle has a standard Gibbs free energy of reaction (?rG) less than 0. The weight ratio of the lithiophilic nanoparticle to the metal nanoparticle is from 1:1 to 8:1, and the amount of binder is from 10 wt % to 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the lithiophilic nanoparticle and the metal nanoparticle.

Abstract: A battery is provided, which includes an anode and a cathode. The anode includes a first current collector and anode active material. The anode active material is lithium metal or lithium alloy. The cathode includes a second current collector and cathode active material. The battery also includes an electrolyte film disposed between the cathode and the anode, and a porous film disposed between the electrolyte film and the anode. The battery includes an anolyte in the porous film between the electrolyte film and the anode, and a catholyte between the electrolyte film and the cathode. The catholyte is different from the anolyte, and the anolyte and the catholyte are separated by the electrolyte film and are not in contact with each other.

Abstract: An edible cap for selectively covering an open end of a cup includes an edible flat body, an edible wax layer and an edible film. The edible flat body is in the form of a cap. The edible flat body is a solid body including a top portion and a wall extending around the top portion in a circle of a certain diameter to provide a profile in compliance with the open end of the. The wall includes an opening for receiving the open end of the cup. The edible wax layer is attached to a face of the edible flat body.

Abstract: An electrode and a lithium-ion battery employing the electrode are provided. The electrode includes an active layer, a conductive layer, and a non-conductive layer. The conductive layer is disposed on the top surface of the active layer. The conductive layer includes a first porous film and a conductive lithiophilic material, and the conductive lithiophilic material is within the first porous film and covers the inner surface of the first porous film. The non-conductive layer includes a second porous film and a non-conductive lithiophilic material, and the non-conductive lithiophilic material is within the second porous film and covers the inner surface of the second porous film. The conductive layer is disposed between the active layer and the non-conductive layer. The binding energy (?G) of the lithiophilic material with lithium is less than or equal to ?2.6 eV.

Abstract: A battery is provided. The battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte membrane. The positive electrode includes a positive active layer. The negative electrode includes a negative active layer and a modified layer, wherein the modified layer is disposed on the negative active layer. The modified layer includes a metal fluoride and a lithium-containing compound. The solid electrolyte membrane includes a first porous layer, an electrolyte layer, and a second porous layer, wherein the electrolyte layer is disposed between the first porous layer and the second porous layer.

Abstract: A radiation therapy system includes a radiation source, a processor, a flexible pressure sensing matrix, and a pressure sensing device. The radiation source emits a radiation beam to a target region of a patient for treatment. The processor is coupled to the radiation source for adjusting an incident angle and intensity of the radiation beam. The flexible pressure sensing matrix is placed at an object for detecting an amount of movement and an amount of rotation of the object. The pressure sensing device is coupled to the flexible pressure sensing matrix for receiving the amount of movement and the amount of rotation of the object. When the amount of movement or the amount of rotation exceeds a first preset amount, the processor controls the radiation source to suspend treatment.

Abstract: A method for treating addiction by therapeutic radiation including generating an original therapeutic plan according to a basic radiation dose; emitting radiation beams to a target area of an addict according to the original therapeutic plan, the target area comprising nucleus accumbens, the radiation beams based on the basic radiation dose capable of lowering an activity of the nucleus accumbens; and imaging the target area to detect whether the nucleus accumbens recover activity in a preset duration after the original therapeutic plan is completed. A detection of whether the nucleus accumbens recover activity is configured for determining a target radiation dose.