Abstract: A cube-corner retroreflective article is provided with a number of cube-corner retroreflective element pairs each formed by a pair of cube-corner retroreflective elements sharing one side. Each of the cube-corner retroreflective elements has reflective lateral surfaces including two trapezoidal reflective lateral surfaces and one pentagonal or isosceles-triangular reflective lateral surface, and a projection shape of a quadrangle when projected onto a common plane, wherein ratios (rHA/rHC and rHB/rHC) between a length (rHC) of a ridge (HC) shared by the trapezoidal reflective lateral surfaces (HAFC and HBGC) and lengths (rHA and rHB) of other ridges (HA and HB) are in a range of 0.5 to 1.5.

Abstract: A torque fluctuation absorber includes a first rotating member arranged to be rotatable, a second rotating member arranged in a rotatable manner relative to the first rotating member, a coil spring for buffering a torsion between the first rotating member and the second rotating member by means of an elastic force, and a cushion member arranged at an inside of the coil spring and buffering the torsion between the first rotating member and the second rotating member by means of an elastic force, wherein the cushion member includes an elastic member formed in a columnar shape, and an abrasion resistant member partly covering a side surface of the elastic member and including a greater abrasion resistance than an abrasion resistance of the elastic member.

Abstract: A method of producing an ultrathin-wall metal tube by a cold drawing method includes a diameter-expanding drawing method, in which an entry solid die, the diameter of which increases, remains constant or decreases from the engaging entry side toward the finishing exit side, and a delivery solid die, the diameter of which decreases at least in the vicinity of the engaging entry, are arranged in series and in an abutting relation on the same pass line. A tapered plug, the diameter of which increases from the engaging entry side toward the finishing exit side, floats along the pass line, whereby in the entry solid die region, the wall thickness is reduced while the mid-wall diameter of a hollow shell is being expanded between the solid die and the plug, and in the delivery solid die region, the tapered plug floats by performing reduction working of the outside diameter.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a method for producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by cold working method with significant wall thickness reduction. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a cold pilger mill according to the invention, cold rolling is performed while tube diameters are being expanded using rolls having tapered groove dies whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a drawing machine according to the invention, cold drawing is performed while the tube diameters are being expanded using a solid die whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side and a plug of a tapered mandrel bar whose diameters increase from an entry side of the die toward an exit side. In the metallic tube producing method, a maximum diameter of the plug or tapered mandrel bar may be larger than an outside diameter of the mother tube.

Abstract: A method for producing an ultrathin-wall seamless metal tube, which employs a cold pilger mill of mechatronics drive type including a mechanism to give a feed and a turn angle to a tube material, utilizes a roll having a tapered groove whose diameter gradually increases or gradually decreases from an engaging entry side to a finishing exit side of a pair of rolls, and a tapered mandrel whose diameter similarly gradually increases from the engaging entry side to the finishing exit side to elongate the tube material by reducing a wall thickness while expanding a mid-wall diameter of the tube material. By giving amounts of a turn angle and/or a feed equivalent or nearly equivalent to the forward stroke to the tube material immediately before the start of a backward stroke, it is possible to achieve a further increase in the reduction-rate of rolling, a further reduction of wall thickness, and improvement of dimensional accuracy of the product.

Abstract: A retroreflective article having excellent retroreflective efficiency, entrance angle characteristic, observation angle characteristic, and rotation angle characteristic is provided. In a retroreflective article including a number of cube corner retroreflective elements formed in a closely packed manner on a common plane (plane Sc), each of the cube corner retroreflective elements having three reflective lateral surfaces (surface a, surface b and surface c) that have three edge lines (HD, HE and HF) and one apex.

Abstract: In cold rolling of a seamless metallic tube with a cold pilger mill, when a reduction ratio of an outside diameter becomes excessive in comparison to a reduction ratio of a wall thickness, strain in a circumferential direction on flange regions becomes excessive. As a result, compressive stress in a circumferential direction becomes excessive, so that wrinkle imperfections are generated inside a tube and folded on groove bottom regions to become folded defects. This process is repeated to be developed into inside defects. When a hollow shell is produced by the Mannesmann-mandrel process instead of the extrusion process, inside wrinkle imperfections are generated with a sizing mill (a stretch reducer or a sizer) at a stage of hollow shell. Since the inside wrinkle imperfections further grow in cold rolling, it is necessary to pay attention thereto. In consideration of these, (a reduction ratio of an outside diameter/a reduction ratio of a wall thickness both in a cold pilger mill) is set to not more than 1/2.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of producing an ultrathin-wall metal tube by a cold drawing method capable of drastically expanding an available size range toward much thinner side with respect to wall thickness of metal tubes.

Abstract: [Object] An apparatus and a method for producing optical sheeting with which increased productivity can be achieved while maintaining the accuracy of produced optical sheeting.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by a cold rolling method with significant wall thickness reduction. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a cold pilger mill, a wall thickness is reduced to perform elongation while a wall thickness center diameter is expanded using a pair of rolls, which has a tapered groove die whose diameter is gradually expanded or reduced from an engaging inlet side of the roll toward a finishing outlet side thereof, and a tapered mandrel bar, whose diameter is gradually expanded from an engaging inlet side of the tapered mandrel bar toward a finishing outlet side thereof.

Abstract: A retroreflective article including a retroreflective element layer having an array of a large number of total internal reflective cube corner retroreflective elements, an optical property-adjusting layer partially provided on the back side of the retroreflective element layer, and an air layer on the back side of the optical property-adjusting layer. The retroreflective article exhibits optical properties suited for an intended use, such as a reflector of traffic or commercial signs, such as traffic signs, regulating signs, informative signs, and construction signs, or visible, laser or infrared light reflective sensors, by the presence of the optical property-adjusting layer with an adjusted hue or an adjusted area ratio. The retroreflective article can easily be produced at low cost and high efficiency by utilizing an existing retroreflective article.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a method for producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by cold working method with significant wall thickness reduction. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a cold pilger mill according to the invention, cold rolling is performed while tube diameters are being expanded using rolls having tapered groove dies whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a drawing machine according to the invention, cold drawing is performed while the tube diameters are being expanded using a solid die whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side and a plug of a tapered mandrel bar whose diameters increase from an entry side of the die toward an exit side. In the metallic tube producing method, a maximum diameter of the plug or tapered mandrel bar may be larger than an outside diameter of the mother tube.

Abstract: [Object] An object to be solved by the invention is to improve a retroreflective characteristic of a quadrilateral element that is a cube-corner element, which has reflective lateral surfaces including two trapezoidal reflective lateral surfaces and one pentagonal or isosceles-triangular reflective lateral surface, and which has a projection shape of a quadrangle when projected onto a common plane and is particularly to provide a cube-corner retroreflective article provided with a quadrilateral element excellent in an entrance angle characteristic and a rotation angle characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a triangular pyramidal cube corner retroreflective article and a producing method thereof. In the triangular pyramidal cube corner retroreflective article, a triangular pyramidal cube corner retroreflective element pair group is disposed in a closest-packed fashion on a common plane defined by three base lines, and the each of retroreflective elements in a pair having one base line (A-B) shared by the retroreflective elements in the pair. The triangular pyramidal cube corner retroreflective article includes a first element pair group, in which two interior angles (?=?BAC and ?=?ABC) formed by the shared base line of the element pair and two other base lines are different from each other and the element pair is line-symmetrically disposed in relation to the shared base line (A-B); and a second element pair group, in which the element pair is congruent to a line-symmetrical shape to the first element pair in relation to a line segment connecting vertexes of the base planes.

Abstract: In a method of producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by a cold drawing process in which a drawing machine is used, a wall thickness of the metallic tube is reduced to perform drawing while a tube-wall centerline diameter of a tube material is expanded, using a solid die which gradually increases in diameter from its engaging inlet side toward its work-ending outlet side and a plug or a tapered mandrel bar which gradually increases in diameter over a corresponding distance from the engaging inlet side of the solid die toward the work-ending outlet side of the solid die, whereby the wall thickness can dramatically be reduced.

Abstract: A retroreflective object having a retroreflective clement layer in which a large number of cube corner retroreflective elements of total internal reflection type are disposed. In the back surface of the retroreflective element layer, an optical characteristic adjusting layer is partially provided, and in the back surface of the optical characteristic adjusting layer, an air layer is provided. With the invention, an optical characteristic adjusting layer for adjusting a hue and occupant area ratio can be provided on the back surface of the retroreflective element layer of an existing object in a simple way for easy adjustment, thus enabling a retroreflective object to be manufactured at high productivity and low cost.

Abstract: In a method of producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by a cold drawing process in which a drawing machine is used, a wall thickness of the metallic tube is reduced to perform drawing while a tube-wall centerline diameter of a tube material is expanded, using a solid die which gradually increases in diameter from its engaging inlet side toward its work-ending outlet side and a plug or a tapered mandrel bar which gradually increases in diameter over a corresponding distance from the engaging inlet side of the solid die toward the work-ending outlet side of the solid die, whereby the wall thickness can dramatically be reduced.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by a cold rolling method with significant wall thickness reduction. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a cold pilger mill, a wall thickness is reduced to perform elongation while a wall thickness center diameter is expanded using a pair of rolls, which has a tapered groove die whose diameter is gradually expanded or reduced from an engaging inlet side of the roll toward a finishing outlet side thereof, and a tapered mandrel bar, whose diameter is gradually expanded from an engaging inlet side of the tapered mandrel bar toward a finishing outlet side thereof.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a method for producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by cold working method with significant wall thickness reduction. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a cold pilger mill according to the invention, cold rolling is performed while tube diameters are being expanded using rolls having tapered groove dies whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a drawing machine according to the invention, cold drawing is performed while the tube diameters are being expanded using a solid die whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side and a plug of a tapered mandrel bar whose diameters increase from an entry side of the die toward an exit side. In the metallic tube producing method, a maximum diameter of the plug or tapered mandrel bar may be larger than an outside diameter of the mother tube.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a method for producing an ultra thin wall metallic tube by cold working method with significant wall thickness reduction. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a cold pilger mill according to the invention, cold rolling is performed while tube diameters are being expanded using rolls having tapered groove dies whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side. In a method for producing the metallic tube with a drawing machine according to the invention, cold drawing is performed while the tube diameters are being expanded using a solid die whose calibers increase from an engaging entry side toward a finishing exit side and a plug of a tapered mandrel bar whose diameters increase from an entry side of the die toward an exit side. In the metallic tube producing method, a maximum diameter of the plug or tapered mandrel bar may be larger than an outside diameter of the mother tube.