Abstract: An oxygen sensor for detecting gas concentration based on either an electric current value or a resistance value measured when a voltage is applied to a sensor element includes gaps formed between electrodes arranged in an element main body and ridges where surfaces of an element touch each other. These gaps will be escaping parts for expansion and contraction of electrode material that accompany thermal expansion and contraction of a sensor main body, and concentration of thermal stress at edge parts of the element main body may thus be eliminated, thereby alleviating thermal stress on the oxygen sensor. This allows provision of a gas sensor that controls generation of cracks in the element and that is stably usable over a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: Various types of optical members can be electrically inserted/extracted to/from an optical path. The state of the insertion/extraction or the state of opening/closing is detected by a sensor. An operating unit obtains various types of instructions. A controlling unit comprises a memory. The memory records a plurality of states of the insertion/extraction of an optical member in/from an optical path or the state of opening/closing, which is detected by the sensor, as an observation state. A controlling circuit switches an observation state to any of observation states recorded in the memory by controlling the insertion/extraction or the opening/closing each time the operating unit obtains an instruction to request the setting of an observation state.

Abstract: Various types of optical members can be electrically inserted/extracted to/from an optical path. The state of the insertion/extraction or the state of opening/closing is detected by a sensor. An operating unit obtains various types of instructions. A controlling unit comprises a memory. The memory records a plurality of states of the insertion/extraction of an optical member in/from an optical path or the state of opening/closing, which is detected by the sensor, as an observation state. A controlling circuit switches an observation state to any of observation states recorded in the memory by controlling the insertion/extraction or the opening/closing each time the operating unit obtains an instruction to request the setting of an observation state.

Abstract: An internal circuit of a semiconductor integrated circuit includes an inverter inputted with an input signal and is supplied with a power supply voltage during normal operation. The input terminal and the internal circuit are connected by a signal line having a resistor. A voltage determining circuit for determining whether a voltage of an input signal inputted to the input terminal is a signal voltage for use in the normal operation of the internal circuit or a high voltage for setting up an internal circuit test mode is connected to a node of the signal line. P-type MOS transistors are connected in series across a node of the signal line and the power supply voltage. The source of a first one of the P-type MOS transistors is connected to the power supply voltage together with the gate electrode and the substrate, and the drain is connected to the drain of the other P-type MOS transistor.