Abstract: A projection lens includes a first lens group, a second lens group and an aperture stop. The first lens group is disposed between a reduced side and a magnified side. The second lens is disposed between the first lens group and the magnified side. The second lens group has a light incident surface, a reflective surface and a light emitting surface, the light incident surface faces the first lens group, the light emitting surface faces a projection surface, the light incident surface, the light emitting surface and the first lens group are disposed at a single side of the reflective surface, and at least one of the light incident surface, the reflective surface and the light emitting surface is a freeform surface. The aperture stop is disposed between the first lens group and the second lens group. Moreover, a projection apparatus including the projection lens is also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a photoresist pattern includes forming a protective layer over a photoresist layer formed on a substrate. The protective layer and the photoresist layer are selectively exposed to actinic radiation. The photoresist layer is developed to form a pattern in the photoresist layer. The protective layer includes a polymer without a nitrogen-containing moiety, and a basic quencher, an organic acid, a photoacid generator, or a thermal acid generator.

Abstract: A warm-up circuit adjusts the brightness of a CCFL through using PWM technique for a scanner. The warm-up circuit has an inverter connected to the CCFL for supplying power, and a PWM controller connected to the inverter for outputting a first control signal to the inverter in a warm-up time and outputting a second control signal to the inverter to control the inverter supplying power to the CCFL in a scan time.

Abstract: A driving device is provided for a cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) circuit, comprising a voltage generator outputting a driving voltage and a controller coupled thereto. The controller directs the voltage generator to output a first voltage exceeding a working voltage of the CCFL to initialize the CCFL. When brightness of the cold cathode lamp tube exceeds a working brightness of the CCFL, the controller directs the voltage generator to decrease the driving voltage gradually so that the brightness of the CCFL equals the working brightness. The controller stops decreasing the driving voltage when the driving voltage equals the working voltage.

Abstract: A driving device for a CCFL circuit comprising at least one CCFL is provided. The driving device comprising at least one heating device controlling the temperature of the at least one CCFL, a power supply outputting a first voltage, and a switching device having a first input terminal receiving the first voltage and a first and second output terminal; wherein the first output terminal is coupled to the CCFL circuit outputting a second voltage when the first voltage is higher than a first level, and the second output terminal is coupled to the at least one heating device outputting a third voltage when the first voltage is lower than the first level. The driving device further comprises a controller controlling the power supply to output the first voltage higher than the first level to lighting up the at least one CCFL, and lower than the first level to control the temperature of the at least one CCFL.

Abstract: A document management system generates a hierarchical category tree itemizing documents within a database from associated attributes of the documents. The document management system further provides access privileges to the documents itemized in the hierarchical category tree by associating access privileges to the attributes of the documents with itemized by the hierarchical category tree.

Abstract: A fluorescent tube holding device has a heater that warms up the fluorescent tube when the fluorescent tube is in a standby space of the fluorescent tube holding device. The fluorescent tube holding device keeps the fluorescent tube at a certain temperature range that provides the fluorescent tube with a best working status.

Abstract: A driving device for a CCFL circuit comprising at least one CCFL is provided. The driving device comprising at least one heating device controlling the temperature of the CCFL, a power supply outputting a first voltage, and a switching device having a first input terminal receiving the first voltage and a first and second output terminal; wherein the first output terminal is coupled to the CCFL circuit outputting a second voltage when the first voltage is higher than a first level, and the second output terminal is coupled to the heating device outputting a third voltage when the first voltage is lower than the first level. The driving device further comprises a controller controlling the power supply to output the first voltage higher than the first level to lighting up the CCFL, and lower than the first level to control the temperature of the CCFL.

Abstract: A power saving circuit is provided using an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and a power control units to control power provided to each interior part of the electronic device is disclosed to reduce the energy consumption of the electronic device, so that the electronic device can conform to the stricter energy standard.

Abstract: A scanner self-adaptive to an optimized scanning speed, comprising: a register storing a scanning speed parameter; a frequency adjusting circuit outputting a driving signal having variable frequency corresponding to the scanning speed parameter using a predetermined method; and a stepping motor controlling the scanning speed of the scanner, coupled to receive the driving signal and changing its rotate speed, as well as the scanning speed of the scanner, corresponding to the frequency of the driving signal.

Abstract: A rapid warmup light actuator is disclosed to solve the problems that the light actuator cannot rapidly warm up the lighting load in the prior art and that unstable light sources result from the rapid temperature drop if the light is instantaneously disconnected and restarted. The device consists of an energy storage circuit, an oscillatory circuit, and a transformer. In the beginning of power supply, the energy storage circuit is charged. When starting the lighting load, the energy stored in the energy storage circuit rapidly warms up the lighting load in order to illuminate stable light. Using the energy stored in the energy storage circuit, the lighting load can continue its stable status even it is instantaneously disconnected and restarted.

Abstract: An inverter and a method for rapid warm-up of luminance loadings are disclosed, thereby minimizing the warm-up time and maintaining continuity of luminance of luminance loadings. The inverter includes a voltage source, a sensor, a voltage regulator, and a converter. When heating the luminance loadings starts, the inverter detects the temperature of luminance loadings by the sensor and then provides the luminance loadings with a voltage corresponding to the detected temperature. Further, the inverter detects the temperature of luminance loadings by the sensor and automatically adjusts the voltage supplied to the luminance loadings by the voltage regulator according to detected temperature during the warm-up of luminance loadings.

Abstract: A warm-up circuit adjusts the brightness of a CCFL through using PWM technique for a scanner. The warm-up circuit has an inverter connected to the CCFL for supplying power, and a PWM controller connected to the inverter for outputting a first control signal to the inverter in a warm-up time and outputting a second control signal to the inverter to control the inverter supplying power to the CCFL in a scan time.

Abstract: A computer implemented file conversion method for converting an index file. The index file includes file paths, and each file path corresponds to an actual file. The method first reads the file paths from the index file. If the actual files corresponding to the file paths are files of a first format, the method converts the actual files to files of a second format. Finally, the method designates the file paths of the index file to the converted files.

Abstract: A document management system generates a hierarchical category tree itemizing documents within a database from associated attributes of the documents. The document management system further provides access privileges to the documents itemized in the hierarchical category tree by associating access privileges to the attributes of the documents with itemized by the hierarchical category tree.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for sharing confidential semiconductor manufacturing information which includes an access monitor module for authorizing user access to confidential information, an information sharing module for creating a transitory link to the confidential information in response to authorization, and a transitory link maintenance module for maintaining and removing the transitory link. A user may request access to the confidential information and, upon authorization, a transitory link is created which allows the user to access the confidential information. The transitory link is then removed from the system.

Abstract: A rapid warmup light actuator is disclosed to solve the problems that the light actuator cannot rapidly warm up the lighting load in the prior art and that unstable light sources result from the rapid temperature drop if the light is instantaneously disconnected and restarted. The device consists of an energy storage circuit, an oscillatory circuit, and a transformer. In the beginning of power supply, the energy storage circuit is charged. When starting the lighting load, the energy stored in the energy storage circuit rapidly warms up the lighting load in order to illuminate stable light. Using the energy stored in the energy storage circuit, the lighting load can continue its stable status even it is instantaneously disconnected and restarted.

Abstract: A search engine (100) has a top down transversal algorithm (112) that distinguishes active objects of a website from orphan files depicted in graphs of HTML files of a graph database of the objects and their HTML relations. A collection building utility (120) assembles a batch collection of solely the active objects for retrieval by a search query, which prevents retrieval of an orphan file that would provide a website visitor with incorrect information.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic light starter, which includes a power switch, a piezoelectric transformer, and a frequency tracking unit, is disclosed. The power switch connected to a pulse width modulated (PWM) harmonic signal output terminal closes when the PWM harmonic signal is in its positive period, and opens when which signal is in negative period. The piezoelectric transformer has the input terminal of its first-level coil connected to the power switch. The output terminal of the first-level coil generates a high-frequency AC signal to drive a cold cathode fluorescent light (CCFL). The frequency tracking unit is coupled to the output terminal of the CCFL. When the light starter starts, a first frequency is obtained when the CCFL is lighted and a second frequency is obtained when the CCFL is turned off. The PWM harmonic signal uses the average of the first frequency and the second frequency as the basis for output.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic light starter, which includes a power switch, a piezoelectric transformer, and a frequency tracking unit, is disclosed. The power switch connected to a pulse width modulated (PWM) harmonic signal output terminal closes when the PWM harmonic signal is in its positive period, and opens when which signal is in negative period. The piezoelectric transformer has the input terminal of its first-level coil connected to the power switch. The output terminal of the first-level coil generates a high-frequency AC signal to drive a cold cathode fluorescent light (CCFL). The frequency tracking unit is coupled to the output terminal of the CCFL. When the light starter starts, a first frequency is obtained when the CCFL is lighted and a second frequency is obtained when the CCFL is turned off. The PWM harmonic signal uses the average of the first frequency and the second frequency as the basis for output.