Abstract: A method for reactive ion etching includes multiple steps of: (a) placing a film to be etched in a vacuum chamber; (b) introducing an etching gas into the vacuum chamber; (c) starting a reactive ion etching to etch the film via the etching gas in a first duration; (d) in a second duration, stopping reactive ion etching and extracting the remaining gas in the vacuum chamber to make the vacuum chamber be in a high-clean state; and (e) repeating step (b) to (d) until an etching depth of the film is reached to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A package structure includes a semiconductor device, a molding compound, a first dielectric layer, and a through-via. The molding compound is in contact with a sidewall of the semiconductor device. The first dielectric layer is over the molding compound and the semiconductor device. The through-via is in the molding compound and the first dielectric layer. The through-via is a continuous element and in contact with the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for irrigating lands are disclosed. In one example, an irrigation system is disclosed. The irrigation system includes a gate and a microcontroller unit (MCU). The gate is configured for adjusting a water flow for irrigating a piece of land. The MCU is configured for controlling the gate to adjust the water flow based on environmental information related to the piece of land.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method includes: aligning a first package component with a second package component, the first package component having a first region and a second region, the first region including a first conductive connector, the second region including a second conductive connector; performing a first laser shot on a first portion of a top surface of the first package component, the first laser shot reflowing the first conductive connector of the first region, the first portion of the top surface of the first package component completely overlapping the first region; and after performing the first laser shot, performing a second laser shot on a second portion of the top surface of the first package component, the second laser shot reflowing the second conductive connector of the second region, the second portion of the top surface of the first package component completely overlapping the second region.

Abstract: A method includes depositing a first passivation layer over a conductive feature, wherein the first passivation layer has a first dielectric constant, forming a capacitor over the first passivation layer, and depositing a second passivation layer over the capacitor, wherein the second passivation layer has a second dielectric constant greater than the first dielectric constant. The method further includes forming a redistribution line over and electrically connecting to the capacitor, depositing a third passivation layer over the redistribution line, and forming an Under-Bump-Metallurgy (UBM) penetrating through the third passivation layer to electrically connect to the redistribution line.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for irrigating lands are disclosed. In one example, an irrigation system is disclosed. The irrigation system includes a gate and a microcontroller unit (MCU). The gate is configured for adjusting a water flow for irrigating a piece of land. The MCU is configured for controlling the gate to adjust the water flow based on environmental information related to the piece of land.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) structure, including a substrate and multiple MRAM cells on the substrate, wherein the MRAM cells are arranged in a memory region adjacent to a logic region. An ultra low-k (ULK) layer covers the MRAM cells, wherein the surface portion of ultra low-k layer is doped with fluorine, and dents are formed on the surface of ultra low-k layer at the boundaries between the memory region and the logic region.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method to extract components from a metal-containing material, forming a first multicomponent system comprising an ionic liquid and a first aqueous component, wherein the first aqueous component and the ionic liquid form an immiscible mixture when the first multicomponent system is at a temperature below a critical temperature, contacting a metal-containing material with the first multicomponent system, adjusting the temperature of the first multicomponent system above the first critical temperature to form a miscible mixture with the ionic liquid and the first aqueous component, reverting the temperature of the first multicomponent system below the critical temperature to form an immiscible mixture with the ionic liquid and the first aqueous component, and isolating the ionic liquid from the first aqueous component and the metal-containing material, wherein the ionic liquid comprises one or more metals from the metal-containing material.

Abstract: An ESD elimination device includes an ESD elimination circuit connected between a power line and a ground line and an ESD detection circuit. The ESD detection circuit includes a switch unit and a resistor, the switch unit and the resistor are electrically connected between the power line and the ground line. The switch unit is turned on when an ESD event occurs in the power line, a detecting voltage is generated across the resistor when the switch unit is turned on, the detecting voltage is used for triggering the ESD elimination circuit to eliminate the ESD surge current caused by the ESD event.

Abstract: A personal routine system that automatically traces and links a users' time, locations and activities. The person routine system includes a position recording unit for recording the user's location information, a routine tracking system having a first mapping module for matching data and files the data with the user's time and location information, and a service platform. The routine tracking system also provides a browse function and a search function for the matched records and transfers them to the service platform. The service platform stores the records transmitted from a second network interface into a second storage unit and uses a user interface to display the records stored in the second storage unit and further provides the browse and search functions.

Abstract: A logic-keeping apparatus including a logic judgment unit and a noise-event detection unit is disclosed. When the level at the input terminal of the logic judgment unit is larger than a first level, the output terminal thereof outputs a first logic state; when the level at the input terminal is smaller than a second level, the output terminal thereof outputs a second logic state; when the level at the input terminal is between the first level and the second level, the output terminal thereof keeps the previous logic state. The noise-event detection unit is for detecting whether a noise-event occurs (for example, an ESD event). Wherein, when a noise-even occurs in the system, the noise-event detection unit keeps the level at the input terminal of the logic judgment unit between the first level and the second level.

Abstract: A logic-latching apparatus includes a noise-event detection unit, a combinational logic unit and a latch unit. The noise-event detection unit is used for detecting whether or not a noise-event occurs (for example, an ESD). The latch unit is coupled with the noise-event detection unit and the combinational logic unit for latching the state of the combinational logic unit. When the output of the noise-event detection unit indicates that a noise-event occurs, the latch unit provides the input terminal of the combinational logic unit with a corresponding input signal according to the latched state of the combinational logic unit inside the latch unit to prevent the state of the combinational logic unit from being affected by the noise-event.