Abstract: The present invention relates to the design, construction, and operation for a diode-turret. Exemplary embodiments comprise several tens of laser diodes to function as a multiple-line radiation source. The invention further describes the construction for a socket-turret; this socket-turret will flexibly fit any numbers (limited only by the number of sockets available) of laser diodes. The invention further describes two radiation coupling-optics for the output from the turret of laser-diodes, one with an integrating sphere and another with a collimating scope. One operation method allows its user to set for any number of diode, functioning one diode at a time, sequentially, hopping from one diode to another, as a single-line radiation source for the spectrometry. Another operation method permits its user to set a group with any number of diodes, functioning several diodes simultaneously at a time, as a multiple-line radiation source for spectrometry.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods which increase the throughput of a TCP-based communication between a first network node and a second network node. First, the first network node sent a first plurality of TCP segments to the second network node. Second, when the second network node receives a second plurality of TCP segments, which is all or part of the first plurality of the TCP segments, the second network node responds by sending one or more TCP acknowledgements to the first network node with the last sequence number of a last segment among all TCP segment within the second plurality of TCP segments. The present disclosure are able to increase the throughput of a TCP connection while decreasing its reliability.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for transmitting a received packet at a first network node through an aggregated connection. The first network node determines session information of the received packet and determines whether a new tunnel needs to be selected for transmitting the received packet. When a new tunnel needs to be selected, a hash result is determined. The hash result is substantially based on the session information and the number of available tunnels. A first tunnel is determined for transmitting the received packet according to the hash result. The session information and tunnel ID of the first tunnel is then stored in a first database. The received packet is transmitted through the first tunnel. When a new tunnel need not be selected, a lookup is performed to determine a tunnel ID substantially based on the session information. The received packet is transmitted through the determined tunnel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a portable multi-spectrometry system for chemical and biological sensing in atmospheric air. A portable, spectrometric system integrates multiple spectroscopy theories, combines their advantageous features, and fills the gaps for their limitations. The combined spectrometry system with operations for PLS, IRAS, MAS, MFS, RSS, and MS, will detect particles and chemicals, directly and sequentially, in the same air-stream.

Abstract: A method and a first communications router for transmitting data packets to a second communications router by establishing an aggregated end-to-end connection with the second communications router. The aggregated end-to-end connection comprises a plurality of established end-to-end connections. Data packets are transmitted through a first established end-to-end connection when a first condition is satisfied, and through a second established end-to-end connection when a second condition is satisfied. The first and second established end-to-end connections belong to the aggregated end-to-end connection. The first communications router comprises a plurality of network interfaces.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for devices, systems, and methods which optimize throughput of bonded connections over multiple variable bandwidth logical paths by adjusting a tunnel bandwidth weighting schema during a data transfer session in response to a change in bandwidth capabilities of one or more tunnels. By making such adjustments, embodiments of the present invention are able to optimize the bandwidth potential of multiple connections being used in a session, while minimizing the adverse consequences of reduced bandwidth issues which may occur during the data transfer session.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for sending information packets from a first network node to a second network node. An aggregated tunnel is established between the first network node and the second network node. An information packet is determined whether to be sent according to profile condition(s) of the aggregated tunnel and then according to a selected policy. When a selected policy is selected and the information packet is sent through a tunnel according to the selected policy. When no policy is selected, the information packet is sent through one of a first group of tunnels. When no profile is selected, the information packet is sent through a network interface of the first network node.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design, construction, and operation for a diode-turret. Exemplary embodiments comprise several tens of laser diodes to function as a multiple-line radiation source. The invention further describes the construction for a socket-turret; this socket-turret will flexibly fit any numbers (limited only by the number of sockets available) of laser diodes. The invention further describes two radiation coupling-optics for the output from the turret of laser-diodes, one with an integrating sphere and another with a collimating scope. One operation method allows its user to set for any number of diode, functioning one diode at a time, sequentially, hopping from one diode to another, as a single-line radiation source for the spectrometry. Another operation method permits its user to set a group with any number of diodes, functioning several diodes simultaneously at a time, as a multiple-line radiation source for spectrometry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design, construction, and operation of a laser air-sampling multi-spectrometer; its operation with variable laser energy to simultaneously and/or sequentially perform spectrometric techniques of LAS, LEFS, RSS, and LIBS. The combined spectrometric operation will detect gas and particulate chemicals directly in a flowing stream of air sample and/or particulate chemicals on filter collected from the flowing stream of air sample.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for sending information packets through a plurality of aggregated tunnels established between a first network node and a second network node. Each aggregated tunnel is comprised of at least one tunnel and at least one of the two network nodes has at least two network interfaces. In order to send an information packet, it is first determined whether the information packet satisfies at least one policy. If at least one policy is satisfied, the information packet is sent using an aggregated tunnel corresponding to the satisfied policy. If no policy is satisfied, the information packet is sent using a network interface of the first node without using an aggregated tunnel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for sending information packets from a first network node to a second network node. An aggregated tunnel is established between the first network node and the second network node. An information packet is determined whether to be sent according to profile condition(s) of the aggregated tunnel and then according to a selected policy. When a selected policy is selected and the information packet is sent through a tunnel according to the selected policy. When no policy is selected, the information packet is sent through one of a first group of tunnels. When no profile is selected, the information packet is sent through a network interface of the first network node.

Abstract: A method and system for a first node to transmit packets to a second none, comprising receiving a packet from a local area network (LAN) interface, inspecting the packet; determining whether the packet satisfies at least one packet condition; transmitting the packet through a predefined tunnel if the packet satisfies the at least one packet condition; transmitting the packet through a second tunnel if the packet does not satisfy the at least one packet condition. The predefined tunnel is a first tunnel and is established before the packet is received by the first node. The second tunnel belongs to a first tunnel group or a second tunnel group. The first tunnel, the second tunnel and other tunnels may together form an aggregated connection. Further, the use of predefined tunnel may be based on whether the packets satisfy a session condition.

Abstract: Methods and systems for transmitting data packets through a selected connection that the first data packet of a data session satisfies a match condition. The match condition is received through a user interface. When data packets of the data session are received, the data packets will then be transmitted through a selected connection. The selected connection is selected from connections based on a connection selection criteria. Further differentiated services code point (DSCP) of first data packet is changed when sent by a computing device. After a network node receives the first data packet, then resets the DSCP value before sending the first data packet.

Abstract: Described in example embodiments herein are methods and systems for implementing sending packets from a first network node to a second network node. Packets belonging to the same session may be sent through the same or different tunnels. The second network node processes packets belonging to the same session using the same core. In accordance with an example embodiment, the first network node informs the second network code the core to process the packets. Optionally, selection of core at the second network node is assisted by a core identity created by the first network based on the session. The core identity may be stored in the header or payload of the packets. In an example embodiment, the second network determines the core for processing packet belonging to the same session.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for managing an error correction mode at a first communications router. The first communication router transmits data packets to a second communications router and stores the first data packet in a local storage medium. When a delay inquiry message is received from the second communications router, the first communications router activates the error correction mode. When the error correction mode is activated, the first data packet is retransmitted to the second communications router and an error correction packet corresponding to the first data packet is also transmitted. When a back-to-normal message is received from the second communications router, the first communications router deactivates the error correction mode. The back-to-normal message indicates that the first communications router no longer needs to be in error correction mode.

Abstract: Described in example embodiments herein are methods and systems for implementing sending packets from a first network node to a second network node. Packets belonging to the same session may be sent through the same or different tunnels. The second network node processes packets belonging to the same session using the same core. In accordance with an example embodiment, the first network node informs the second network code the core to process the packets. Optionally, selection of core at the second network node is assisted by a core identity created by the first network based on the session. The core identity may be stored in the header or payload of the packets. In an example embodiment, the second network determines the core for processing packet belonging to the same session.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for content archiving and management with code readers. The system comprises a combination code comprising a number of code elements, said combination code having a plurality of combinations and capable of interacting with trigger conditions; a code reader for detecting said combination code and trigger conditions upon activation; a content database communicably linked to said code reader, wherein said content database is divided into a plurality of partitions based on different combinations of said combination code and an identity and a privilege order of a user; an output device communicably linked to said code reader and said content database; wherein said output device retrieves and outputs content stored in a corresponding partition of said content database upon said code reader detecting a combination of said combination code.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for managing VPN tunnels. A VPN concentrator establishes a first aggregated VPN connection and a second aggregated VPN connection with a rust host and a first network device respectively. When the first aggregated VPN connection comprises a first plurality of VPN tunnels, the VPN concentrator applies uplink and downlink bandwidth limits to each of the plurality of VPN tunnels. Similarly, when the second aggregated VPN connection comprise a second plurality of VPN tunnels, the VPN concentrator applies uplink and downlink bandwidth limits to each of the plurality of VPN tunnels. The first host encapsulates a first data packet in a first encapsulating packet and transmits the first encapsulating packet to a VPN concentrator using a first aggregated VPN connection.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and systems for sending information packets through a plurality of aggregated tunnels established between a first network node and a second network node. Each aggregated tunnel is comprised of at least one tunnel and at least one of the two network nodes has at least two network interfaces. In order to send an information packet, it is first determined whether the information packet satisfies at least one policy. If at least one policy is satisfied, the information packet is sent using an aggregated tunnel corresponding to the satisfied policy. If no policy is satisfied, the information packet is sent using a network interface of the first node without using an aggregated tunnel.

Abstract: A method and system for a first node to transmit packets to a second none, comprising receiving a packet from a local area network (LAN) interface, inspecting the packet; determining whether the packet satisfies at least one packet condition; transmitting the packet through a predefined tunnel if the packet satisfies the at least one packet condition; transmitting the packet through a second tunnel if the packet does not satisfy the at least one packet condition. The predefined tunnel is a first tunnel and is established before the packet is received by the first node. The second tunnel belongs to a first tunnel group or a second tunnel group. The first tunnel, the second tunnel and other tunnels may together form an aggregated connection. Further, the use of predefined tunnel may be based on whether the packets satisfy a session condition.